EVOLUTION OF THE WORD “CULTURE” IN 19TH CENTURY EUROPE Throughout the ages‚ the word ‘culture’ has often had different meanings. For this assignment‚ I would like to focus on the evolution of the definition of ‘culture’ in 19th century Europe. I will give a brief description and timeline as outlined by (WIlliams‚ 1976)‚ which gives us a glimpse into literature stemming from the selected time period. Williams (1976)‚ starts off by discussing the origins of the word ‘culture’ ‚ which according to
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Entering the 19th century‚ Finland was a part of the Kingdom of Sweden. Then‚ in 1809 it became a Grand Duchy under Russian rule‚ and finally‚ after periods of both greater and lesser degrees of independence‚ it becoming an independent country in 1917. Finland initially joined Sweden in the 13th century and then remained under Swedish control for about 600 years. Then‚ in the Finnish War of 1809‚ Russia captured Finland‚ which lead to Finland becoming a Grand Duchy in the Russian empire. During
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The Industrial Revolution and the Romantic Spirit The Industrial Revolution refers to a series of significant shifts in traditional practices of agriculture‚ manufacturing‚ and transportation‚ as well as the development of new mechanical technologies that took place between the late 18th and 19th centuries in much of the Western world. During this time‚ the United Kingdom‚ as well as the rest of Europe and the United States soon after‚ underwent drastic socio-economic and cultural changes during
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Describe and explain the factors that contributed to the development of segregation in the late 19th century. The segregation that emerged during the late 19th century can be attributed to the politics of the Congressional Reconstruction the morals that Southerners carried after the American Civil War. Although great progress was made after the North’s victory‚ the discrimination of black people would continue for 100 years. The politics of segregation after the Civil War begin with Andrew Johnson’s
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The Industrial Revolution was the major technological‚ socioeconomic and cultural change in late 18th and early 19th century that began in Britain and spread throughout the world. During that time‚ an economy based on manual labour was replaced by one dominated by industry and the manufacture of machinery. It began with the mechanisation of the textile industries and the development of iron-making techniques‚ and trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals‚ improved roads and then
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Often compared to the American cowboy‚ gauchos were the symbol of Argentinian nationalism and the frontier during the late 18th and 19th centuries. Representing the normal working class population of immigrants to Argentina‚ gauchos largely impacted the economy until they disappeared during the late 19th century. Towards the end of the 18th century‚ the gauchos came about after the South American upper class began investing in large estates and ranches. These ranches were so large that people were
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In the mid-19th century‚ a deadly epidemic cholera had infected many citizens of Victorian London as well as taking their lives. Cholera is a bacteria disease that infects the stomach‚ which causes diarrhea and dehydration‚ usually contracted through the consumption of dirty water. According to the topic of medicine in the 19th century discussed in the 2015 lecture in Introduction to European history by Dr. Chelsea Shields-Más; both John Snow and Henry Whitehead made major impacts on the perceptions
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During the late 19th century‚ the United States began to expand globally and ushered us into the age of American Imperialism. By the turn of the century‚ the United States had become a minor imperial power after fighting a war with Spain for Cuba and the Philippines along with the annexation of Hawaii and some other territories. Throughout the 19th century‚ the U.S. concentrated on expanding its reach into foreign markets and the colonization of foreign territories‚ but it had tried to avoid involvement
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Chartism was a movement for political and social reform in the United Kingdom during the mid-19th century‚ between 1838 and 1859. It takes its name from the People’s Charter of 1838. Chartism was possibly the first mass working class labor movement in the world. Chartists were largely unsuccessful at convincing Parliament to reform the voting system of the mid-19th century; however‚ this movement caught the interest of the working class. The working class interest in politics from that point on aided
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which also created the New Money‚ the middle class and working class. Both are ambitious and want to play a part in politics. This eventually causes political instability. Nationalism also becomes a major theme‚ first emerged during the French Revolution. Why does Germany unify so late as a country? “Sonderweg” – special path (german) basically states that Germany deviated from other states‚ keeping the aristocracy dominant. This is thought to be deterministic‚ as the sole cause for their rise
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