psychological antrhopology‚ 2nd edition. Waveland: Prospec Heights. Hofstede‚ G. (1980). Culture ’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. London: SAGE Publications. Hofstede‚ G. (1983). The cultural relativity of organizational practices and theories. Journal of International Business Studies‚ Fall‚ 75-90. Hofstede‚ G. (1991). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London: McGraw-Hill. Hofstede‚ G. (1996). Riding the waves of commerce: a test on Trompenaars ’ "model"
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| Vietnam | France | Power distance This dimension deals with the fact that all individuals in societies are not equal – it expresses the attitude of the culture towards these inequalities amongst us. Power distance is defined as the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organisations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally. | Vietnam scores high on this dimension (score of 70) which means that people accept a hierarchical order in which
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weaknesses to Hofstede’s Five Dimension theory as it may too easily encourage stereotyping. Even in countries as small as the UK‚ not all citizens are alike – e.g. it is argued that the culture in the North of England is quite different to the South. Hofstede has also been criticized for being too simplistic; however Hofstede’s theory does give us a general base to work from. 74 countries are listed on Hofstede’s website from which information can be drawn to make comparisons not only between countries
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Indulgences were being sold during the Renaissance to take out and lessen the time souls had in purgatory. After the souls would be brought out of purgatory‚ the souls would then immediately get a “free pass” to heaven. The indulgences did not only benefit the person who bought them‚ but could also be for a deceased friend or relative‚ and be passed down to his or her heir. Pope Leo X was selling indulgences to earn money to build St. Peter’s Basilica. He also needed the money to pay back every bank
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Culture‚ in my own opinion‚ is a unique system of values and norms that are believed by a group of people who live in the same society. Since culture is unique‚ Geert Hofstede tried to study the differences. After the study‚ he proposed five dimensions to measure the cultural difference between nations. The following parts will explain Hofstede Framework briefly. The first dimension is Power Distance. It is a tool to measure the power difference between levels in organization. In a group with high power
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Indulgences were "fundraisers" where you give money and the more money you give; there would be more of a chance for you to get into heaven. These indulgences were heavily abused and Luther hated them. His 95 theses were a list of questions and propositions for debate. (“Martin Luther and the 95 Theses”‚ 2009) An indulgence was made for the rebuilding of St. Peters Basilica‚ which made Luther mad‚ and legend says
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What were Indulgences? An Indulgence is an action or a prayer of sacrifice that can take away all or part of Purgatory for oneself or for another. It is given in return for something good that a person does in this life Purgatory is a place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven. The sale of indulgences What were Indulgences? In Church teaching‚ Purgatory is the way in which God helps us to “make up”
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An indulgence was a distinctive feature in both the Medieval Times and the Roman Catholic Church. An indulgence was a full or partial remission of sins granted by the church. The person committing the sin still had to confess to a priest. Only a priest could completely get rid of your sins.The ideology of indulgences is a practice that says that one’s journey to eternal salvation could accelerate because of madly works. The first practice of indulgences was in the 11th and 12th centuries when the
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PEST Analysis of Confectionary Industry The Commonwealth of Australia has stable liberal democratic system with policies that support industrial growth (Australianpolitics.com‚ 2009). There is steady growth in labor market as well since 2001 (Chandra Shah‚ Gerard Burke‚ 2006). There are no additional restrictions enforced due to ecological factors on the confectionary market except for regular industry norms to take into account ecological issues. So political factor of PEST analysis is conducive
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Bibliography: [1] (1995) [2] International Monetary Fund (2010) [3] Haruki Murakami [4] Hofstede (1980) [5] Mueller and Thomas (2001) [6] UBC Commerce‚ Breaking Down Barriers: Creating a Climate for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in British Columbia
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