EXERCISE 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology Student Name: ___________________________ Student ID#: _____________________ Student instructions: Follow the step-by-step instructions for this exercise found in your lab manual and record your answers in the spaces below. Submit this completed document by the assignment due date found in the Syllabus. Rename this document to include your first and last name prior to submitting‚ e.g. Exercise2_JohnSmith.doc. Please make sure that your answers
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The muscle physiology of skeletal muscle was observed by using electrical‚ physical‚ and neural stimulations of an isolated gastrocnemius muscle from Rana pipiens. The gastrocnemius receives signals from the action potentials of the sciatic nerve. The muscle contraction is caused by the binding of a neurotransmitter once the action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction. Stimulation of the muscle and the sciatic nerve allows for recording and measuring of these properties. We observed twitch
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Discuss the relationship between distribution of muscle fiber type and performance. How might exercise training modify or change a person’s fiber-type distribution? Skeletal muscles contain multiple fiber types that are distinguished by their different myosin ATPase speed‚ and the development of their SR. The two main fiber types are type I and type II fibers. Type II fibers have a faster ATPase and a more developed SR than type I fibers. Type II fibers are also part of a larger motor unit‚ allowing
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Skeletal Muscle Physiology Activity 1 1. Skeletal muscle fiber- long‚ cylindrical cell with multiple oval nuclei arranged just beneath the sarcolemma Motor unit- all of the muscle cells controlled by a single motor neuron Skeletal muscle twitch- a single stimulus-contraction-relaxation cycle in a skeletal muscle Electrical stimulus- uses an electrical current to cause a single muscle or a group of muscles to contract Latent period- the time between the stimulation of a muscle and the start
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Animals have three types of muscles; skeletal‚ smooth‚ and cardiac. This lab however is only concerned with skeletal muscle. A special characteristic of skeletal muscle is their ability to contract or shorten via thin (actin) and thick (myosin) filaments (Flanagan‚2017). This gives a striated appearance which is a key distinguishing characteristic between other types of muscle (Flanagan‚2017). Skeletal muscle is also multinucleated. Skeletal muscle needs plentiful amounts of energy to be able to
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Kuroda et al. Skeletal Muscle 2013‚ 3:5 http://www.skeletalmusclejournal.com/content/3/1/5 Skeletal Muscle Open Access RESEARCH Canonical Wnt signaling induces BMP-4 to specify slow myofibrogenesis of fetal myoblasts Kazuki Kuroda1‚4‚ Shihuan Kuang1‚2‚ Makoto M Taketo3 and Michael A Rudnicki1* Abstract Background: The Wnts are secreted proteins that play important roles in skeletal myogenesis‚ muscle fiber type diversification‚ neuromuscular junction formation and muscle stem cell function
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Anatomy and Organization of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Physiology Lab 9 Skeleton Muscle Physiology: Computer Simulation Exercise 16B - Page PEx-23 Activity Sheet Objectives: • Use a simulation of skeletal muscle experiments to investigate threshold stimulus‚ maximal stimulus‚ multiple motor unit summation‚ wave summation and tetanus and the graded contraction. • Develop and test hypotheses related to muscle contraction. •
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Skeletal muscle is a voluntary and striated muscle that attaches to the skeleton to allow control over posture and movement. Each skeletal muscle consists of bundles of muscles fibers called fascicles. These fascicles are composed of many individual muscle fibers or muscle cells that can be up to several millimeters long. These muscle fibers are composed of myofibrils‚ which are organized into thick filaments‚ myosin‚ and thin filaments‚ actin. These filaments are organized into repeating structures
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Activity 1 – The Muscle Twitch and Latent 1) Define the terms skeletal muscle fiber‚ motor unit‚ skeletal muscle twitch‚ electrical stimulus‚ and latent period. Skeletal Muscle Fiber: Skeletal muscle cells that are composed of hundreds to thousands of individual cells that produce muscle tension. These fibers are what move our bodies and generate muscle tension/force that enables us to have manual dexterity. Motor unit: consists of one motor neuron and all of the skeletal muscle fibers that
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Single Stimulus Activity 1: Identifying the Latent Period 1. How long is the latent period? 2.78 msec 2. Does the latent period change with different stimulus voltages? no Activity 2: Identifying the Threshold Voltage 1. What do you see in the Active Force display? Leveled line 2. What is the threshold voltage? .8 V 3. How does the graph generated at the threshold voltage differ from the graphs generated at voltages below the threshold? They were Level Activity
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