Practice Problems on Production Function and Labor Market 1- What is a production function? What are some factors that can cause a nation’s production function to shift over time? What do you have to know besides an economy’s production function to know how much output the economy can produce? A production function shows how much output can be produced with a given amount of capital and labor. The production function can shift due to supply shocks‚ which affect overall productivity. Examples
Free Economics
following figures refer to elements in its national income accounts. | |£ billions | |Consumption (total) |60 | |Investment |5 | |Government expenditure |8 | |Imports |10 | |Exports |7 | (a) What is the current equilibrium level of national income? (b) What is the level of injections
Premium Economics Aggregate demand Consumption function
Income and Expenditure Approach Ways of Measuring GNP Gross National Product (GNP) is the sum of all the final market values of goods and servicesin a given economy at a given period of time. This is the quantitative summary of all transactions of goods and services transacted within the economy in a year. It measures only legal and registered transaction. Non produced transactions are not included such as second hand sale‚ transfer of payments and buy and sell. Gross domestic product (GDP) is
Premium Gross domestic product Economics Tax
and Income Effects Abstract This paper examines the effects of gasoline price increase over the period of a summer. It looks at the income effect and substitution effect of different scenarios to determine how the author should best make up the difference in cost based on the same income. Seven scenarios are examined; driving less‚ eating out less‚ less spent on maintenance‚ public transportation‚ bicycle‚ no vacation and fewer extra expenses. Using graphs to demonstrate the income effect
Premium Consumer theory Automobile
National Income Statistics and Standard of Living The national income statistics show that the USA has the highest standard of living; this can be proved by looking at the gross national income of The United States‚ which is $12‚969.6 million‚ and the gross national income per capita which is $43‚740. This figure is over 125 times the income per capita of Tanzania which is $340. This also suggests that the standard of living in Tanzania is very poor. The UK calculated a gross national income of $2
Premium Human Development Index Quality of life Life expectancy
Chapter 23 Measuring a Nation’s Income TRUE/FALSE 1. In years of economic contraction‚ firms throughout the economy increase their production of goods and services‚ employment rises‚ and jobs are easy to find. ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 23-0 NAT: Analytic LOC: The study of economics and definitions of economics TOP: Economic expansion MSC: Definitional 2. Macroeconomic statistics include GDP‚ the inflation rate‚ the unemployment rate‚ retail sales‚ and the trade deficit. ANS: T DIF: 1 REF:
Free Gross domestic product Economics Inflation
Per capita income as a measure of prosperity Per capita income is often used as average income‚ a measure of the wealth of the population of a nation‚ particularly in comparison to other nations. Per capita income is often used to measure a country’s standard of living. It is usually expressed in terms of a commonly used international currency such as the Euro or United States dollar‚ and is useful because it is widely known‚ easily calculated from readily-available GDP and population estimates
Premium Economics Currency Purchasing power parity
Permanent Income Hypothesis Introduction The basic idea is that people’s income has a random element to it and also a known element to it and that people try to smooth the random part using saving and borrowing. Hence‚ we need to distinguish between permanent income and transitory income. Example: Suppose that you are working and receive an annual salary of twenty thousand dollar. Suppose that you expect to get that salary every year in the future. Then twenty thousand dollar represents the
Premium Macroeconomics Consumption function Economics
the growing inequality between wages and profits. Through looking at these two relationships we can see the worsening condition of the distribution of income and wealth in Australia. When looking at changes in income in Australia‚ the recent trends (as seen in diagram 1 and diagram 2) shows the top 20% or highest quintile‚ increasing their income share from an averaged 38% in 1994/95 to over 41% in 2007/08. This increase has resulted from the long period of economic growth‚ characterised by increasing
Premium Economic inequality United States Distribution of wealth
ZARA Income Statement Period Ending: 2012 31/12 2011 31/12 2010 31/12 2009 31/12 Total Revenue 82.98 78.19 89.69 76.7 Revenue 82.98 78.19 89.69 76.7 Other Revenue‚ Total - - - - Cost of Revenue‚ Total 60.29 56.72 59.02 52 Gross Profit 22.69 21.47 30.67 24.7 Total Operating Expenses 77.61 73.35 74.12 63.51 Selling/General/Admin. Expenses‚ Total 3.69 3.24 3.96 3.56 Research & Development - - - - Depreciation / Amortization 13.63 13.38 11.14 7
Premium Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Balance sheet Asset