The importance of Parliamentary democracy: Democracy itself is a term neither straightforward nor simple‚ but rather relates essentially to the founding principles of a governing body acting in the best interest of the People by encouraging independent thinking and personal input. The ideal presented by democracy has provided many with the platform to express their beliefs and desires; actions which have had the result of changing history. Democracy has allowed for ever-changing freedoms based
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What is taxation? Taxation is a requirement in all countries. It is a method to provide the society with the necessities needed. Hence it combines all efforts from the full society for public goods. Franklim D. Roosevelt once said “Taxes‚ after all‚ are dues that we pay for the privileges of membership in an organized society”. Which makes people wonder of the importance of taxation in a sociey‚ roles of taxation‚ fairness of taxation‚ and a new method of tax green tax. Importance of Taxation in a
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Parliamentary System of the Government Parliamentarism is the most widely adopted system of government‚ and it seems appropriate to refer to British Parliamentary experience in particular because it is the British system which has provided an example for a great many other countries.Great Britain is regarded as mother country of the parliamentary executive. A parliamentary system‚ or parliamentarism‚is distinguished by the head of government being dependent on the direct or indirect support of the
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Introduction: This report is to find out whether the tax avoidance arrangements exists in the situation of taxpayers restructured their business as a trading trust for the purposes of section BG1 of the Income Tax Act 2007. Issue: Mr A and Mr B‚ two independent shareholders work full time in the IT Consultancy business. They were paid $80‚000 salary each in the first year but decreased to $50‚000 in the second year because business has gone down due to earthquake. They had received a dividend
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A parliamentary system is a system of government in which the ministers of the executive branch are drawn from the legislature and are accountable to that body‚ such that the executive and legislative branches are intertwined. In such a system‚ the head of government is both de facto chief executive and chief legislator.[citation needed] Parliamentary systems are characterized by "not having" clear-cut separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches‚ leading to a different set
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avoidance. The report will show the full processes to judge James’ arrangements according to the Income Tax Act 2007‚ the Tax Administration Act 1994‚ previous cases‚ suggests of the Revenue Alert 11/02 and the Interpretation Statement by IRD and the parliamentary contemplation test. Issue: Whether there has been a tax avoidance arrangement. The effect is on a taxpayer if it is found that a tax avoidance arrangement exists. Law: Income Tax Act 2007: s BC 6 Income tax liability of filing taxpayer;
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sovereign. Parliamentary sovereignty has been qualified though not departed from in different ways by our adoption of the law of the European Union through the European Communities Act 1972 and by the Human Rights Act 1998.” Per Lord Justice Laws‚ R (MISICK) v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs [2010] EWCA Civ 1549 Evaluate this statement with reference to appropriate legal authorities. In order to evaluate this statement it is important to understand what Parliamentary sovereignty
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Is the orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty still relevant in the modern British constitution? Why (not)? 1. The orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty To define parliamentary sovereignty does not seem too complicated when it is assessed in isolation. Only in connection with other constitutional principles difficult tensions arise. The orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty is simply that only parliament has the right to make or unmake law and that no other institution can challenge
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TAXATION * It is a means by which governments finance their expenditure by imposing charges on citizens and corporate entities. * Governments use taxation to encourage or discourage certain economic decisions. For example‚ reduction in taxable personal (or household) income by the amount paid as interest on home mortgage loans results in greater construction activity‚ and generates more jobs. See also taxation principles. * Taxation refers to the act of a taxing authority actually levying
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British parliamentary The British Parliamentary Debate Format Robert Trapp‚ Willamette University Yang Ge‚ Dalian Nationalities University A debate format consists of a description of the teams in the debate and the order and times for the speeches that make up that debate. The British Parliamentary debate format[1] differs from many other formats because it involves four teams rather than two. Two teams‚ called the “First Proposition” and the “Second Proposition” teams‚ are charged with
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