two consequent devaluation of the rupee. These crises were in 1966 and 1991. The 1966 Devaluation Despite government attempts to obtain a positive trade balance‚ India has had consistent balance of payments deficits since the 1950s. The 1966 devaluation was the result of the first major financial crisis the government faced. Inflation had caused Indian prices to become much higher than world prices at the pre-devaluation exchange rate. When the exchange rate is fixed and a country experiences
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EFFECT OF INTEREST RATE ON FOREIGHN EXCHANGE RATE (EVIDENCE FROM ASIAN REGION) ABSTRACT: In this article we investigate the impact of a change in U.S. short term interest rates relative to those in some Asian countries like Bangladesh‚ Thailand‚ Japan‚ Pakistan‚ and China on the bilateral foreign exchange rates between the U.S dollar and each country’s currency. Several factors determine the exchange rate of a country. A higher currency makes a country’s exports more expensive and imports cheaper
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fiscal policy designers should opt for a flexible exchange rate system. Nations‚ however‚ which do not have such policy makers should opt instead for a fixed exchange rate system. When attempting to stabilize an economy‚ monetary policy is the most efficient weapon that policymakers possess (Weerapana‚ 2003). In other words‚ it is much simpler to enact monetary policy than fiscal (Weerapana‚ 2003). Some nations benefit from a fixed exchange rate system‚ however. Nations such as Brazil‚ Kenya and
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Stock Exchange (Share Bazaar) is one of the most vital parts of the capital market. Stock Exchange is the market from where purchase and sale of industrial and financial securities are done. It is the place where trading in securities is done through rules and regulations laid down by the SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India). It performs various functions and provides useful services to the investors and borrowing companies. Stock exchange is an organized market for buying and selling of
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sector is about 55.1 % i.e. more than industry sector (26.4%) and agriculture sector (18.5%). The service sector now accounts for more than half the GDP marks a turning point in the evolution of the Indian economy and takes it closer to the essentials of a developed economy. There was marked increase in rate of services sector’s growth in the eighties and nineties. While the share of services in India’s GDP increased by 21 per cent points in the 50 years between 1950 and 2000‚ nearly 40 per cent of
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Exchange rate policy The exchange rate of an economy affects aggregate demand through its effect on export and import prices‚ and policy makers may exploit this connection. Deliberately altering exchange rates to influence the macro-economic environment may be regarded as a type of monetary policy. Changes in exchanges rates initially work there way into an economy via their effect on prices. For example‚ if £1 exchanges for $1.50 on the foreign exchange market‚ a UK product selling for £10 in
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Floating Exchange Rate Exchange rates between currencies have been highly unstable since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates‚ which lasted from 1946 to 1973. Under the "floating" exchange rates‚ since 1973‚ exchange rates are determined by people buying and selling currencies in the foreign-exchange markets . The instability of floating rates has surprised and disappointed many economists and businessmen‚ who had not expected them to create so much uncertainty.
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The Indian rupee’s ranking slipped to 20th in 2013 from 15th in 2010 in the global foreign exchange market turnover even though currencies of other emerging economies‚ such as China‚ Brazil‚ South Africa and Turkey‚ improved‚ according to a survey on central banks conducted by the Bank for International Settlement (BIS). The global triennial survey on foreign exchange turnover showed trading in foreign exchange markets averaged $5.3 trillion per day in April 2013‚ up from $4.0 trillion in April
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BIDS-PRP WORKING PAPER SERIES Exchange Rate Policy under Floating Regime in Bangladesh An Assessment and Strategic Policy Options Working Paper No. 2 Monzur Hossain * Mansur Ahmed∗∗ October‚ 2009 * Research Fellow‚ Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) ∗∗ Research Associate‚ Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) BIDS-PRP WORKING PAPER SERIES Working Paper No. 2 EXCHANGE RATE POLICY UNDER FLOATING REGIME IN BANGLADESH: AN ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGIC POLICY OPTIONS
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Rupee – history of evolution and currency crises This section discusses the evolution of the rupee along with the two major currency crises that were to confront the currency and related monetary policies. History and evolution The word “rupee” comes from the Sanskrit word “raupya” meaning Silver and traces its roots to the silver standard currency basket of the colonial rule. Originally produced in India in the 15th and 16th centuries by Mogul rulers‚ the currency shifted to Gold Standards
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