UVA-F-1299 Rev. Feb. 8‚ 2011 This document is authorized for use only by Mattia Tenaglia at Tecnologico de Monterrey. Please do not copy or redistribute. Contact permissions@dardenbusinesspublishing.com for questions or additional permissions. ENRON CORPORATION’S WEATHER DERIVATIVES (A) Everybody talks about the weather‚ but nobody does anything about it.1 In October 2000‚ Mary Watts‚ the chief financial officer of Pacific Northwest Electric (PNW)‚ a utility servicing the Pacific Northwest
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Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Importance of Accounting Accounting is important because it manages the checkbooks of company which are important to analyses and determine the success of the business by looking through the different account statements and translating the company documents. An accountant or accounting firm starts and maintains auditing of a company. Accounting is also important because it offers a great assistance in planning the future investments as well as being able
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1. What problems did Enron encountered? Many went sour in the early months of 2001 as Enron’s stock price and debt rating imploded because of loss of investor and creditor trust Methods the company used to disclose (or creatively obscure) it’s complicated financial dealings were erroneous and‚ in the view of some‚ downright deceptive The company’s lack of transparency in reporting its financial affairs‚ followed by financial restatements disclosing billions of dollars of omitted liabilities and
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THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE • VOL. LXIV‚ NO. 4 • AUGUST 2009 Agency Problems at Dual-Class Companies RONALD W. MASULIS‚ CONG WANG‚ and FEI XIE∗ ABSTRACT Using a sample of U.S. dual-class companies‚ we examine how divergence between insider voting and cash f low rights affects managerial extraction of private benefits of control. We find that as this divergence widens‚ corporate cash holdings are worth less to outside shareholders‚ CEOs receive higher compensation‚ managers make shareholder value-destroying
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DISCUSS THE CAUSES AND COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH PRINCIPAL AGENCY PROBLEM (10) Principal agency problem refers to a conflict arising when people appointed (agents) and entrusted to look after the interests of others (principals) use the authority‚ power or resources for their own benefit instead. It is a pervasive problem and exists in practically every organisation whether a business‚ church‚ club or government. Organisations try to solve it by instituting measures such as tough screening processes
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Based in Houston‚ Texas an American energy‚ commodities‚ and services company named ENRON CORPORATION was Ranked number 7 on the fortune 500 list in 2000‚ it was one of the most famous and largest integrated natural gas and electricity companies in the world. The company went bankruptcy on December 2‚ 2001. But before that it marketed natural gas liquids around the world and was working as one of the biggest natural gas transmission systems in the world‚ with transmissions over a massive area of
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The Agency Cost Problem or Principal-Agent Problem‚ which is believed‚ arises from the separation of ownership and control‚ could be mitigated in many ways. In their paper Jensen and Meckling (1976) mention that if a company fully owned by its managers‚ they will work on maximizing its value. But if a fraction of this equity owned by managers is sold to outsiders‚ the risk borne by them now will have fewer fractions than before. This will be one of the main reasons for management to act on maximizing
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The Enron Scandal One of the most popular business bankruptcies and collapses known to date is that of the Enron Corporation. Enron‚ once known as "America ’s Most Innovative Company" by Fortune Magazine six straight years from 1996 to 2001. Enron seemed to be doing very well until the summer of 2001 generating a lot of cash and new businesses‚ but in October of 2001 Enron was forced to disclose that their accounting practices had been very creative‚ and failed to follow generally accepted accounting
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Abstract - The Enron scandal is one of the biggest financial scams ever to take place and its root’s lie in the desire of the senior members of Enron to earn as much for themselves as possible and were assisted in this greatly by the negligence shown by their auditor’s and consultants‚ Arthur Andersen. Most of the debts and tangible assets of Enron were on the balance sheet of partnerships that were run by high-ranking officials within the corporation and these partnerships were recorded as related
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1. Enron was valued at $2.3 billion when it was formed in July 1985. On August 23‚ 2000‚ its stock was at $90 per share and it had a market capitalization of $65.9 billion. Explain the major business practices that created such dynamic growth in the price of the stock. Enron used many different tactics to inflate their stock prices. The one that sticks out to me is when they signed a 20-year contract with Blockbuster. Early in the contract Blockbuster and Enron parted ways with a null and void
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