INVESTIGATION 12.A Target Skills Determining the reactivity of various metals Testing Relative Oxidizing and Reducing Strengths of Metal Atoms and Ions By observing whether reactions occur between solid metals and metal ions in solution‚ you can determine the order of oxidizing and reducing agents according to strength. Question How can the presence or absence of a reaction provide information about the relative strength of oxidizing and reducing agents? Safety Precautions
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and how it is superior to the previous methods of making plastic. Finally I will also list the implication effect of plastic and its effect (economically and environmentally) A chemical bond is the result of a lure (attraction) between atoms or ions. The different sorts of bonds that a molecule contains will determine its physical properties‚ including melting point‚ hardness‚ electrical and thermal conductivity‚ and solubility. How do chemical bonds occur? Chemical bonding occurs when two
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presence of sulfur was tested either with lead acetate or sodium nitroprusside. The presence of nitrogen was tested with ferrous ammonium sulfate and potassium fluoride. The presence of any halogen was tested by a flame test with copper wire and the identification of the exact halogen was done using silver nitrate. Careful experimentation was needed in order to avoid false positive and false negative results. Keywords: elemental analysis‚ oxygen‚ sulfur‚ nitrogen‚ halogens‚ sodium fusion‚ lead acetate
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increases the kinetic (translational‚ rotational‚ and vibrational) energy of the atoms composing elements and the molecules or ions composing compounds. As the kinetic (translational) energy of the atoms‚ molecules‚ or ions increases‚ the temperature of the matter increases. Heating a sample of a crystalline solid increases the kinetic (vibrational) energy of the atoms‚ molecules‚ or ions. When the kinetic (vibrational) energy becomes great enough‚ the crystalline structure breaks down‚ and the solid melts
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the non-metal that is responsible for the colour produced in the flame test for that salt. How can you be sure your answer is correct? Metal is responsible for the colour produced in the flame test for that salt. All salts contain chloride ion. If non-metal ion‚ chloride‚ is responsible for the colour‚ all colour produced will be the same. 3. Why do the chemicals have to be heated in the flame before the coloured light is emitted? For the coloured light to be emitted‚ the electrons have to get
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| |easily/readily. | |1 | | | |or‚ Rb can form ion/cation/positive ion more easily/readily. | |(1) | | | |or‚ The strength of metallic bond between Rb atoms is weaker than that between K atoms/Rb can atomize more | | | | | |readily than K.
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of Molecules 1. For the following molecules determine which atoms are bonded (write the symbols with a bond between them)‚ the electronegativity difference between them‚ and the type of chemical bond it represents. If the bond is ionic‚ state what ions are produced. If the bond is polar covalent‚ indicate the direction of the dipole on the symbols from the first part. a) KCl Electronegativity difference = K - Cl = 0.8 - 3.0 = 2.2 ionic bond K1+ Cl1- b) LiBr Electronegativity
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Abundance and Extraction of Metals 1. a Mineral - A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid‚ with a definite chemical composition‚ and an ordered atomic arrangement. b Ore - Deposit in the Earth of valuable metals contained in minerals. c Economic Natural Resource Deposit - This is a natural deposit of something that is economically viable to mine‚ refine and sell. Hence the deposit must be big enough to last for a large period of time‚ so that it will make enough money for the
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Identification and Production of Materials ================================ Ethene‚ Polymers and Ethanol ================================ Catalytic Cracking Oil refineries need to balance their outputs of various products (petrol‚ diesel‚ fuel oil‚ etc.) to match the demands of the marketplace. Catalytic cracking is the process in which high molecular weight (high boiling point) fractions from crude oil are broken into lower molecular weight (lower boiling point) substances in order to increase
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from chemical bonds between a paramagnetic metal ion like Gadolinium(III) and a carrier molecule. The carrier molecule is a chelating agent where large molecules form a stable complex around the Gadolinium(III) ion. The gadolinium(III) ion is toxic in mammals. The chelating agent stops the toxicity of gadolinium but lets it keep its contrast properties. The chelated gadolinium(III) is carried to the kidneys and flushed out of the body before the free ion can get freed into the surrounding tissue‚ rendering
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