On the other hand‚ the acidic compounds are the carboxylic acids and the phenols. The carboxylic acids have the general formula of The functional group‚ is called the carboxyl group (carbonyl + hydroxyl). Further‚ phenols are commonly known carbolic acids. The presence of the hydroxyl groups in the molecules of phenols means that phenols are like alcohols in being able to form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. This hydrogen bonding causes phenols to be associated and‚ therefore
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In biology‚ there are four major biological macromolecules that are found in the cell‚ carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ nucleic acid‚ and proteins. Biological macromolecules are also known as organic molecules. Biological macromolecules are very large molecules that are of a key importance to living organisms. Most biological macromolecules are built by joining smaller molecule subunits. Carbohydrates are large groups of organic compounds found in foods such as sugars‚ starches‚ glucose‚ fructose‚ galactose
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proteins in the diet. Milk contains three kinds of proteins: caseins‚ lactalbumins‚ and lactoglobulins‚ all of which are globular proteins. The main protein in milk is casein. Casein is a phosphoprotein which has phosphate groups attached to the hydroxyl groups of some of the amino acids side-chains. Casein exists in milk as a calcium salt‚ calcium caseinate. It is actually a mixture of three similar proteins‚ alpha‚ beta and
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Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Synthesis Telow‚ AJV Sumicad‚ CJ‚ Tavanlar‚ EMMT‚ Chem 40.1‚ Institute of Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines Los Baños I. Introduction Organic synthesis is the process where a desired organic compound is constructed or prepared from commercially available materials. The objective of organic synthesis is to design the simplest synthetic routes to a molecule. Aspirin‚ also known as acetylsalicylic acid is as salicylate drug often used as analgesic
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I will be talking about how water can reach a new pH level by interacting with soil. If water has a pH that is too high or too low‚ it can be life threatening to aquatic species and can corrode metal structures. After finding this out‚ I decided to test if water could reach an extreme pH just by interacting with soil around it. The question for this experiment therefore became the following. Will interaction with soil change the pH of water? I hypothesized that if water interacts with soil for three
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and Purification of Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA or Aspirin) Background Salicylic acid is a phenol as well as a carboxylic acid. It can therefore undergo two different types of esterification reactions‚ creating an ester either with the hydroxyl or with the acid. In the presence of acetic anhydride‚ acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin or ASA) is formed. Correspondingly‚ an excess of methanol will form methyl salicylate‚ which is also an analgesic. In this experiment‚ we shall use the former
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Review for exam II Exam for Wednesday (part A) General descriptions of organic molecules Saturated versus unsaturated molecules How to identify each and what properties each holds Given a molecular formula- draw all isomers possible Soluble or insoluble? Enantiomers‚ diastereomers‚ not isomers‚ cis/trans‚ etc Identify chiral centers Identify the compounds as being an acid‚ base or neither Hydrogen bonding‚ dipole-dipole interactions Rank several compounds by boiling point
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History The development of spandex was started during World War II. At this time‚ chemists took on the challenge of developing synthetic replacements for rubber. Two primary motivating factors prompted their research. First‚ the war effort required most of the available rubber for building equipment. Second‚ the price of rubber was unstable and it fluctuated frequently. Developing an alternative to rubber could solve both of these problems. At first‚ their goal was to develop a durable elastic
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Biology Exam Review Unit One – Biochemistry What is an isotope? Isotope - An isotope is all atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons‚ but they may have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus. - This means that all atoms with the same atomic number can have different atomic masses. - Because they have the same number of protons and electrons‚ they behave exactly the same in chemical reactions. Radioisotope - The nuclei of some isotopes of an element are unstable
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by oxidizing benzyl alcohol which is a primary alcohol. The oxidizing agent used is alkaline potassium permanganate (VII). Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol with the formula C6H5CH2OH. It is a primary alcohol because the carbon atom which the hydroxyl group‚-OH group is connected joins to one alkyl group and two hydrogen atoms.
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