molecules in 6 moles of methane Number of Molecules = moles x molecules in 1 mole = 6 x 6.02 x 1023 molecules = 3.61 x 1024 molecules Calculate the number of molecules in: (a) 0.37 moles of sulphur dioxide (b) 3.4 moles of hydrogen chloride Answers (a) 2.23 x 1023 molecules (b) 2.05 x 1024 molecules Ions Ionic compounds do not contain atoms or molecules. Instead‚ we talk about ‘formula units’ The formula unit (f.u.) is the same as the chemical formula Calculate
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in yeast During respiration‚ hydrogen atoms are removed from glucose molecules by enzymes called dehydrogenases and passed to various chemicals called hydrogen acceptors. As the hydrogen atoms pass from one hydrogen acceptor to another‚ energy is made available for chemical reactions in the cell. In this way‚ substances such as glucose provide energy for vital reactions in living organisms. In this experiment‚ a dye called methylene blue acts as an artificial hydrogen acceptor. When this dye is reduced
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by road vehicles. The second is hydrogen‚ the idea of using hydrogen‚ which is of course a gas and ambient conditions‚ came from the time when nuclear fusion was supposed to produce abundant electricity at very low cost‚ which could then be used to electrolyse water‚ yielding abundant and she cheap hydrogen. Unfortunately nuclear fusion has persisted in remaining on the horizon as a possible energy sources‚ and hence other strategies for generating hydrogen have been extensively investigated
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solids. Structure: The simplest saturated acyclic hydrocarbon is methane‚ CH4. The other hydrocarbons belonging to this class can be taken as descendents of methane‚ resulted from the substitution of one or more atoms of hydrogen with hydrocarbon radicals. Therefore‚ if one hydrogen atom from methane is replaced by a methyl radical‚ -CH3‚ the hydrocarbon (superior to methane) will have the composition C2H6‚ named ethane. The alkanes can be: with a continuous chain‚ if all the carbon atoms are bound
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1. Describe the nuclear fusion reaction that occurs in stars. Page 294 Stars are made primarily of the almond hydrogen the most common material universe. As a star forms‚ gravity pulls the hydrogen into a dense ball that heats up. Electrons are torn from the hydrogen and other atoms‚ creating a plasma made up primarily of protons (the nucleus of the hydrogen atom) and electrons. Normally‚ protons would repel each other. As matter accumulates ending the new star however‚ the protons move
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started doing chemistry. Bubbles of hydrogen are formed‚ together with colourless solutions of beryllium or magnesium sulphate. For example: Calcium‚ strontium and barium Calcium sulphate is sparingly soluble‚ and you can think of strontium and barium sulphates as being insoluble. That means that you will get a layer of insoluble sulphate on all of these which will slow down the reaction or stop it entirely. In the calcium case‚ you will get some hydrogen produced together with a white
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crystals of buckminsterfullerene (C60) • Carbon nanotubes Bond polarity and intermolecular forces • Electronegativity and bond polarity • Van der Waals’ forces • Factors affecting the strength of van der Waals’ forces • Hydrogen bonding • Surface tension and viscosity of liquids Topic 6 Microscopic World II Unit 23 Shapes of molecules Unit 23 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 Shapes of molecules Covalent molecules with non-octet
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and you tend to get carbon and hydrogen fluoride produced. It is of no particular interest. For example: The reaction between alkanes and iodine Iodine doesn’t react with the alkanes to any extent - at least‚ under normal lab conditions. The reactions between alkanes and chlorine or bromine There is no reaction in the dark. In the presence of a flame‚ the reactions are rather like the fluorine one - producing a mixture of carbon and the hydrogen halide. The violence of the reaction
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of hydrogen peroxide Potatoes Raw potato Potato soaked in baking soda Potato soaked in baking soda Stopwatch Goggles Procedures: 1. Get all your materials. Put all the potatoes into individual test tubes. 2. Pour 3mL of hydrogen peroxide into one test tube. Watch and time how much time goes by before the reaction begins. 3. Observe and write down the time. 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all the potatoes have been tested and observed. Data: Type of potato Amount of hydrogen peroxide
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measuring the total hydrogen yield of the reaction. Stoichiometry was then used to find a molar ratio between hydrogen and zinc. After calculating the moles of zinc‚ the mass can then be figured by multiplying by the molar mass of zinc. Experimental Procedure. First an apparatus needed to be set up to measure the hydrogen gas given off in the reaction of the zinc on the nail and the hydrochloric acid. A Erlenmeyer flask was used to hold the acid and nail which released the hydrogen into a rubber
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