com/geology/soil/) TEST ONE: Collection of Soil and Observation of Soil Profile The first layer (O) we observed is the top layer‚ a layer of organic soil. It is made up of humus and leaf sediment. Below that (A) comes the topsoil. This is where seeds sprout and other plants roots grow. This layer is also made up of humus‚ but here are other mineral particles as well. Next is the eluviation layer (E). This layer contains mostly sand and silt. It is the eluviation layer because of the process that
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How has Human Activity impacted positively or negatively on species diversity? NAME OF CANDIDATE: CENTRE NUMBER: NAME OF SCHOOL: TOPIC: Species Diversity TEACHER: DATE SUBMITTED: Environmental Science Internal Assessment 2012 Caribbean Advanced Profiency Examination Table of Contents Pages * MAP : Study area in Relation to Trinidad 3 * Site Visits 4 * Laboratory
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the soil to store and regulate the flow of water‚ filters the pollutants and improves the soil’s quality for sufficient plant growth. The soil is composed of four elements namely‚ the mineral particles‚ organic matter‚ water and air (See Figure 1). Humus‚ an organic matter‚ composes the upper layers of the soil and gives it a dark color. It provides the plants with nutrition since it is the primary sources of carbon and nitrogen in the soil composition and it also increases the water and mineral holding
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and high temperatures. Characteristics: Low Humus‚ Heavy Leaching‚ Short Nutrient Cycle‚ Red Colour‚ Can support very Rich Vegetation‚ May have A Brick –Like Surface Sometimes. Leaching is intense in this soil because of the very hot and wet climate hence only iron and aluminium compounds remain‚ this gives the soil its red colour. The nutrient cycle is also short because there is fast plant growth and rapid decomposition. This means that humus is formed and used before leaching occurs. The
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trees from an area of land. When forests are cut down‚ the now exposed topsoil becomes saturated with water over time. This topsoil layer eventually slides off into the waterway and leaves behind the subsoil. Also‚ when forests are cleared‚ layers of humus wash away. Whether a forest is cut or cleared‚ subsoil is left behind which is nutrient-poor and continues to erode. Deforestation makes soil vulnerable to being swept away by wind and water. Over-cultivation is another activity that leaves the soil
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Assessment Report - Rietspruit WWTW 27-09-2009 The plant currently does not comply with the DWA wastewater discharge standards. There are major challenges with respect to operation‚ maintenance and some equipment status at the plants. Some of the problems identified that are hampering the non-compliance of the final effluents are as follows: • Flow meters are not calibrated (incorrect flow readings) and this makes it difficult to optimize the plant with respect to flows into different modules
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1 COMPONENTS AND SUBCOMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT 1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENT The term Environment can be broadly defined as one’s surroundings. To be more specific we can say that it is the physical and biological habitat that surrounds us‚ which can be felt by our physical faculties (seen‚ heard‚ touched‚ smelled and tasted.) The two major classifications of environment are : (A) (B) Physical Environment: External physical factors like Air‚ Water‚ and Land etc. This is also called the Abiotic
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Trophic Categories: 1. Producers 2. Consumers 3. Detritus feeders and decomposers Producers = organisms that capture energy from the sun or from chemical reactions to convert carbon dioxide to organic matter Organic Matter vs. Inorganic Matter -Matter that makes up the bodies of living things generally characterized by the presence of carbon and hydrogen bonds. Most producers are green plants. 1. Autotroph i. Chemosynthetic bacteria ii. Green plants iii. Algae 2. Heterotroph
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Ecological Succession Worksheet Name __________________________________ Date ________ Period _______ Succession‚ a series of environmental changes‚ occurs in all ecosystems. The stages that any ecosystem passes through are predictable. In this activity‚ you will place the stages of succession of two ecosystems into sequence. You will also describe changes in an ecosystem and make predictions about changes that will take place from one stage of succession to another. The evolution of a body
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clear room for a field. The ground is then lightly ploughed and seed is sown broadcast and racked into the soil at the first fall of rain. The soil gives rise to a better yield as it is immensely fertile owing to the wood ashes and accumulated humus. After two or three years’ crop‚ when the fertility of the soil is seriously reduced‚ the people again change their land of cultivation. Thus the essential feature of shifting cultivation is the rotation of fields rather than crops. As a result
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