Introduction Nervous systems are composed of circuits of neurons‚ highly specialized cells that communicate with each other and with other types of cells by electrical or chemical signals.—The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of brain and a nerve cord. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of all neurons and their projections that are outside and connect with the CNS. The most basic circuits is a reflex arc‚ which occurs rapidly in response to inputs from the sensory neurons and
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Phoenix Material Appendix B Structures of the Nervous System This activity will increase your understanding of the different structures of the nervous system and brain. During the Web activity‚ you will view a variety of structures of the brain and nervous system and label each with the appropriate term. You will use this document to write a description for the terms you used in the activity. As you conduct the Structures of the Nervous System activity‚ follow along with this Word document and
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of the brain and spinal cord. Neurones are found throughout the body with the majority found in the central nervous system. Neurones are specialized to process information in the body. Neurones convey this information to one another through the stimulation of a detector neurone. This causing a brief change in the electrochemical gradient resulting in the neurone moving away from its resting potential. This is known as an action potential. Once initiated the action potential travels the length of
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cavities. Body membranes are made up of epithelial and connective tissue layer. Mucous membrane cover openings that are exposed to the outside world. For example‚ mucous membrane is present in the nose‚ respiratory tract‚ male and female reproductive systems‚ stomach and intestines. Epithelium of mucous membrane is attached to lamina propria‚ a loose connective tissue layer that stabilizes the epithelium in place. Goblet cells in the epithelium make mucus which is a liquid that protects the mucous membrane
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Drugs and the nervous system Neurotransmitters within the body include excitatory and inhibitory‚ noradrenalin‚ dopamine‚ serotonin; acetylcholine and glutamate are examples of excitatory neurotransmitters. GABA and glycine are examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters. General anaesthetics General anaesthetics act mainly on the central nervous system to stop information processing; these may be given by inhalation or intravenously. Nitrous oxide or laughing gas is used in maintain anaesthesia
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Nervous System- Nerve Impulse When a stimulus is strong enough‚ a nerve impulse is generated in an "all or none" response which means that a stimulus strong enough to generate a nerve impulse has been given. The stimulus triggers chemical and electrical changes in the neuron. Before an impulse is received‚ a resting neuron is polarized with different charges on either side of the cell membrane. The exterior of the cell is positively charged with a larger number of sodium ions present compared
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Nervous System: an extensive network of specialized cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body. Neuron: the basic cell that makes up the nervous system and that receives and sends messages within that system. Dendrites: branchlike structures that receive messages from other neurons. Soma: the cell body of the neuron responsible for maintaining the life of the cell. Axon: tubelike structure that carries the neural message. Glial cells grey fatty cells that provide support for
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Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is one of the most worldwide consumed psychoactive substances and it is totally legal. The chemical name of caffeine is 1‚ 3‚ 7 – Trimethylpurine – 2‚ 6‚ - dione. Its molecular formula is C8H10N4O2 and it has a molecular mass of 194.19 g/mole. Caffeine is an odourless‚ white crystalline purine‚ a methylxanthine alkaloid‚ which is closely chemically related to adenine and guanine. Caffeine acts through multiple mechanisms
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blood of an increasingly transparent world. The information-transparency cycle (I-T Cycle) is self-regulating‚ self-funded‚ and answers to no superior power. The I-T Cycle has become the most important‚ cybernetic (or closed loop‚ self-regulating) system in the history of the world. Thus‚ at the risk of mixing metaphors‚ technology has simultaneously‚ created an entire new landscape and become “seeing eye dog” for those who demand to know where we’ve been and where we’re going‚ but are unable to navigate
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Front this divison of the peripheral nervous system includes the neurons found along the GI tract Back enteric nervous system Front name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the CNS Back nucleus Front name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the PNS Back ganglia Front these ions are cross the neuron cell membrane during a hyperpolarization Back Cl- K+ Page 1 Front Back these gates respond to chemical stimuli such as nerutransmitters
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