Skinner thought classical conditioning was too simple to explain something like the human mind. Skinner went to work to expand on the finding of Thorndike and Watson. Skinner worked to expand Thorndike’s Law of Effect. Skinner eventually coined the word “operant conditioning”. Skinner built a device called “Skinner’s box”. The device consists of a lever connected to a food dispenser‚ only dispensing
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In 1898‚ Edward Thorndike accentuated the strengths and weaknesses of stimulus-response connections with the introduction of the theory of learning. The premise of Thorndike’s research implied that rewards and punishment have distinct yet an equal impact on human behaviors. However‚ one of the more well-known learning theorists in modern times is B.F. Skinner‚ who shares comparable behavioral observation as Thorndike‚ in that behaviors are learned as a consequence of actions. Further testing of
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a conditional stimulus. The reverse is also true. Classical conditioning can be so powerful that it can actually make as sick by suppressing the body’s immune system. 5.According to Edward Thorndike it’s the consequences of what an individual does that most influences the learning process. * Thorndike Law of effect states that learning is controlled by its consequence are selected and repeated while these leading to bad consequences or no consequences at all are not
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Psych Notes *A person is an information unit Receptors (sensory) receive information and relay it to interneurons (between neurons) that process info. Person transmits info through effectors. Basic effectors are hormonal secretions and movement. *Receptors (receive) Interneurons (process) Effectors (transmit) *A person is a computer made out of meat. Behaviorism- you learn to be the person you are‚ persons are products of learning. Conditioning processes- (learning) molded‚ modified
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James McKeen Cattell James McKeen Cattell was born on May 25‚ 1860‚ in Easton‚ Pennsylvania‚ where his father was soon to be president of Lafayette College from 1863 to 1883. He received his bachelor’s degree from Lafayette in 1880‚ spent two years traveling and studying in Germany‚ and returned to the United States in 1882 as a graduate fellow in philosophy at The Johns Hopkins University. Returning to Leipzig in the fall of 1883‚ he earned his doctoral degree in experimental psychology under Wilhelm
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HISTORY ON EMOTIONAL INTELEGANCE The ability to express and control our own emotions is important‚ but so is our ability to understand‚ interpret‚ and respond to the emotions of others. Psychologists refer to this ability as emotional intelligence‚ and some experts even suggest that it can be more important than IQ Emotional intelligence (EI/EQ) refers to the ability to perceive‚ control and evaluate emotions. Some researchers suggest that emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthened
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encouraging another emotionally. The term punishment is not limited to the definition that if you commit a crime you end up in prison‚ rather it is the undesirable outcome. Thorndike stated in one of his experiments‚ “The greater the satisfaction or discomfort‚ the greater the strengthening or weakening of the bond” (Thorndike‚ 1911‚ p. 244). Skinner did not have a specific rule of how to determine the most effective reinforcer. What works for one person as a reward may not work for
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physical sciences‚ and conducted experiments to understand how people and animals learn. Psychologists have tried in the past to define and explain how learning takes place. Two of the most important early researchers were Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike. Among later researchers‚ B. F. Skinner was important for his studies of the relationship between behaviour and consequences. They are also known as the Behaviourists. According to them‚ learning can be defined as “the relatively permanent
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no correlation. The correlation coefficient is a measure of correlation strength and can range from –1.00 to +1.00. Perspectives in Psychology and pioneers (Freud) • Psychoanalytic: Sigmund Freud • Behaviorism: Pavlov‚ William McDougall‚ Thorndike‚ Watson‚ Carl Hull‚ B.F. Skinner‚ Tolman •
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Could you see yourself making conscious judgments about a person in regards to trust and demeanor based solely upon their physical appearance? This idea seems to be everything we are taught not to do‚ “never judge a book by its cover.” With this idea comes the latter‚ a theory entitled the Halo Effect. With the Halo Effect comes just the opposite‚ we as individuals judge others subconsciously upon their looks and other positive qualities we perceive‚ in turn making judgements about who they are in
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