How to write a report‚ essay‚ or thesis at the Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies HOW TO WRITE A REPORT‚ ESSAY‚ OR THESIS AT THE INSTITUTE OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS STUDIES Requirements and guidelines for structure‚ layout‚ attachments‚ binding‚ referencing‚ and the issue of plagiarism JOHN ROSE Professor The Institute Of Transport and Logistics Studies The University of Sydney AND PETER STOPHER‚ Professor The Institute Of Transport and Logistics Studies The University
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rationale where relevant. Example: “Study trials will last 2 secs‚ immediately followed by a mask to effectively erase persistent visual traces…” Design Describe the arrangement of experimental conditions both between and within subjects. Example: “Subjects will be randomly assigned to either massed or spaced conditions (n = 24)… Results (10%) Start by explaining how dependent variables will be calculated. Based on your hypothesis‚ describe the pattern of expected results. Use notional data in
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from an author’s personal point of view‚ but the definition is vague‚ overlapping with those of an article‚ a pamphlet and a short story. Essays can consist of a number of elements‚ including: literary criticism‚ political manifestos‚ learned arguments‚ observations of daily life‚ recollections‚ and reflections of the author. Almost all modern essays are written in prose‚ but works in verse have been dubbed essays (e.g. Alexander Pope’s An Essay on Criticism and An Essay on Man). While brevity
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CONTENTS What should I expect? ......................................................... 1 Why do I need a research proposal? ..................................... 2 Great! So how do I start?...................................................... 4 So many questions! How do I choose?................................. 7 Using "Attribute Grids"........................................................ 9 Setting the limits on your research ..................................... 10 Becoming an explorer
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why your work is an essential component of research in the field. The introduction does not have a strict word limit‚ unlike the abstract‚ but it should be as concise as possible. It can be a tricky part of the paper to write‚ so many scientists and researchers prefer to write it last‚ ensuring that they miss no major points. For a longer research paper‚ where you use an outline‚ it can be useful to structure your introduction around the outline. Here are a few outline examples. The introduction
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Background colour 1.02 How to write a report What is a report? : Initial preparation : Planning and research : Report structure : Style : Checking What is a report? A report is a systematic‚ well organised document which defines and analyses a subject or problem‚ and which may include: the record of a sequence of events interpretation of the significance of these events or facts evaluation of the facts or results of research presented discussion of the outcomes of a decision
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It is generally agreed today that … Следующие фразы можно использовать‚ если требуется рассмотреть аргументы "за" и "против". Не забывайте использовать слова-связки. To begin with‚ … You can … Firstly‚.../ Secondly‚.../ Finally‚... One argument in support of... The first thing that needs to be said is... first and foremost It is... true that.../ clear that.../ noticeable that... One should note here that... Another good thing about … is that … The second reason for... It is
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How To Write A Eulogy It is a quiet room filled with people. Most of them have smiles on their faces. Some of them are even about to have a laughter or two. Is it easy to find such a room in a university? Yes. But is it easy to find such a room where people are holding a funeral in? Absolutely no. The masterpiece-eulogy by Margaret Atwood made it possible. That is right‚ I am talking about “The Great Communicator”(1999)‚ the eulogy to Northrop Frye. Like every other eulogy‚ the main idea of the
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Body – The main body constitutes the essence of the report. Report writing format requires that the main body be divided into logical sub-divisions with a suitable numbered sub-heading. There should be flow in the presentation of information‚ or arguments‚ or line of thinking in the main body. Conclusions – In the format for report writing the conclusion sums up all the finding or inferences in the main text in clear and well defined terms. Recommendations – Many students err in believing that
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expectations. Platform for synthesis of knowledge and ideas Help develop critical thinking Helps to elicit topics of interest‚ challenging topics that need improvement‚ etc. Dictionary of important terms: clarify troublesome concepts What to write? First write a brief summary of the contents of a lecture‚ lab activity‚ group discussion or reading material. Then reflect upon these activities- record your own thoughts‚ ideas‚ responses and reactions to any of the above activities. Make notes about concepts
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