IEOR E4706: Financial Engineering: Discrete-Time Models c 2010 by Martin Haugh Term Structure Lattice Models 1 Binomial-Lattice Models In these lecture notes1 we introduce binomial-lattice models for modeling the “short-rate”‚ i.e. the one-period spot interest rate. We will also use these models to introduce various interest rate derivatives that are commonly traded in the financial markets. First we define what an arbitrage means. Arbitrage A type A arbitrage is an investment that produces
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How Market Structures Determine the Pricing and Output of Businesses Introduction There are several different market structures in which organisations can operate. The type of structure will influence a company’s behaviour and the level of profits it can generate. The structure of a market refers to the number of businesses in a market‚ their market shares and other features which affect the level of competition in the market. Structures are classified in term of the presence or absence of competition
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Introduction – Market structures and cases under study Definition - The interconnected characteristics of a market‚ such as the number and relative strength of buyers and sellers and degree of collusion among them‚ level and forms of competition‚ extent of product differentiation‚ and ease of entry into and exit from the market. Market structures under study are ones which are more pronounced than others in the real world i.e. ‘Monopolistic competition’ and ‘Oligopoly’. Very few markets in real
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Differentiating Between Market Structure: Kudler ECO/ 365 Kudler Fine Foods is a local upscale specialty food store located in the San Diego metropolitan area. They have three locations in Del Mar‚ La Jolla and Encinitas. Kudler Fine Foods offers foods and wines‚ such as bakery and pastry products‚ fresh produce‚ fresh meat and seafood‚ condiments and packaged foods‚ cheese‚ special dairy products and wine. Physical characteristics of the market in which the organizations
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in the market place‚ and no government intervention‚ we are able to focus on how the price mechanism determines the equilibrium price in the market. Markets can be effective at resolving the basic issues of what and how much to produce at a certain price level although left to operate on its own‚ the market can still create unsatisfactory outcomes. When markets do not produce the desired outcome‚ it is known as market failure and when this occurs‚ governments may intervene in the market. How the price
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Differentiating Between Market Structures Name ECO/365 Date Instructor Differentiating Between Market Structures The airline industry is a competitive market in society today. It is a perfect example of an oligopoly market structure because it is highly concentrated. There are many large players within the industry but only a few that determine the market prices like JetBlue. According to "CNN Travel" (2013) "For the ninth consecutive year‚ JetBlue Airways ranked first for satisfaction
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policy and promotion is actively considering the grant of compulsory licences for three new anti-cancer drugs. The department‚ a wing of the commerce ministry‚ which also looks at intellectual property-related issues‚ has sought details regarding prices‚ efficacy levels and size of the patient pool in need of such treatment from the health ministry‚ a government official said. The proposal‚ initially mooted by a panel formed under the health ministry‚ recommends invoking the compulsory licence rule
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Abstract Maximizing shareholder wealth requires a decisive strategy and a well-developed plan. It allows an investor to consider financial statements and growth strategies in order to establish a course of action. Case in point‚ one major franchising international business bought a well-known global restaurant business. The risks and expected return by these two companies may affect its long-term future goals. A profitable electronics company may lose its primary supplier in a strategic takeover
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Petrol companies have the market structure of an oligopoly. An oligopoly is a market structure where there are a few dominant firms whose behavior is interdependent. There are a few dominant firms relative to market size‚ and they each command a large proportion of the market share‚ thus having strong monopoly power. Examples of petrol companies include Shell‚ Caltex and Exxon Mobil. Their demand curve is downward sloping‚ meaning that they are price setters. Petrol is a homogeneous product‚ hence
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Prices and Markets Questions for Demonstration Lectures QUESTIONS IN RED MUST BE ATTEMPTED BY STUDENTS FIRST. STUDENTS HAVE FIVE (5) MINUTES TO ANSWER THE QUESTION ON THEIR OWN AND FIFTEEN (15) MINUTES TO DISCUSS THEIR ANSWERS IN A GROUP OF 2-4 INDIVIDUALS. Your tutors will be available throughout this period to help you answer any questions. The questions marked with **** will not de discussed in the tutorial and must be attempted by students on their own. If you have any questions please
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