respiration into alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation. Fermentation is an anaerobic‚ metabolic pathway used to oxidize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced) (NADH) into nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD+). As with many other unicellular organisms‚ yeast ‚cannot carry out cellular respiration and tends to participate in fermentation and produces ethanol. In has been suggested
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on the mass of potato Introduction- diffusion is a passive transport where molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of low concentrations. Although the molecule ’s movement is random‚ equilibrium is being sought out. Osmosis is a type of diffusion only It involves water. In osmosis water diffuses from the area of high concentration to an area of low concentration‚ to diffuse the more molecule rich side. Because cells have selectively permeable membranes‚ meaning certain substances
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is to calculate the average human reaction time for a simple task. Hypothesis If the activity is repeated a number of times‚ then the reaction time will decrease‚ therefore the slower the reaction time‚ the further the ruler will fall. Variables - which variables are you going to: Change? (Independent Variable) The Independent Variable in this Investigation is the reaction time. Measure? (Dependent variable) The Dependent Variable in this Investigation is how far the ruler falls. Keep the same
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The effect of increasing substrate concentration on rate of an enzyme reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower a reactions activation energy making possible many of the reactions needed for life to exist. Enzymes have a high specificity which have been explained by many theories such as Fischer’s lock and key. Currently the most widely accepted theory is the induced fit hypothesis proposed by Koshland in 1958. This hypothesis solves some of the problems with the Lock and key theory
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Changing the Rate of Reaction PART 1: PARTICLE SIZE Question: How does changing the particle size of marble (CaCO3) affect the rate of reaction when it is added to hydrochloric acid (HCl)? Hypothesis: If I change the particle size of marble to test how to change the rate of a chemical reaction‚ than the chemical reaction with the smallest marble particles will produce CO2 the quickest because the larger the surface area‚ the more place the hydrochloric acid will have to collide with the marble
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determine the concentration of acetic acid in white vinegar. 2.0 Theory The concentration is a measurement of relative amounts of solute and solvent. There are many diverse ways of expressing concentration but the most accepted and widely used is molar concentration and regularly referred to as molarity which is defined in mole‚ the amount of solute dissolved in one litre of solution. [pic] In this experiment there are solutions used with accurately known concentrations called standard
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take measurements‚ and also as a result of errors associated with the actual method. Of course‚ due to the limitations of the procedure‚ they could not be eliminated completely‚ so I will explain what I did to reduce them to an acceptable level and how I could have improved my method to reduce them even further. Equipment justification The following table shows the reasons for my choice of equipment in carrying out my method. Equipment | Justification | 100 cm3 burette | I needed to accurately
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Reaction Rate Coursework Aim To see how the concentration of a reactant affects the rate of reaction‚ in this case sodium thiosulphate and acid. Scientific Background For a reaction to occur‚ the particles of the reactants must be colliding with each other with enough energy‚ the amount of energy needed for the reaction is called activation energy. Activation energy is altered by temperature‚ concentration‚ surface area of and the pressure on the reactants. Stirring the reactants also increases
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will increase the speed of reaction as the greater the surface of the solid reactants‚ the more particles are required to expose and ‘cover’ the capacity of the solid. Increased surface area results in an increased chance of collisions between reactant particles. Since the collisions become more frequent and abundant‚ the rate of reaction increases. Aim The aim of the experiment is to see if a greater surface area of a dissolvable tablet creates a faster or slower reaction Independent Variable
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effect of temperature on a reaction rate In this experiment I shall be investigating how temperature affects the rate of reaction Rates of reaction The Factors that affect the rate of reaction are temperature‚ surface area‚ concentration‚ catalysts‚ light and pressure Surface area – Surface area is the amount of solid surface that is available for reaction - Only affects solids so this will not affect our
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