1. Pricing decisions Factors to consider when setting prices All profit organizations and many non profit organizations must set prices on their products or services. Simply defined‚ price is the amount of money charged for a product or service. More broadly‚ price is the sum of the values consumers exchange for the benefits of having or using the product or service. A company ’s pricing decisions are affected both by internal company factors and by external environmental factors. These factors
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Pricing objectives and pricing methods in the services sector George J. Avlonitis and Kostis A. Indounas Department of Marketing and Communication‚ Athens University of Economics and Business‚ Athens‚ Greece Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this research paper is to explore the pricing objectives that service companies pursue along with the pricing methods that they adopt in order to set their prices. Design/methodology/approach – An extensive review of the literature revealed the complete
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Contents Introduction 3 Objectives 3 Methodology 3 Understanding marketing mix and the four Ps 4 Marketing Mix Strategy Using Four P’s 6 Product 6 Product differentiation 7 Feature 7 Ingredients 8 Quality 8 Packaging 9 Price 10 Discount 12 Allowances 12 Payment Period or Credit Terms 12 Place 13 Channels 14 Transport 15 Coverage 15 Promotion 16 Sponsorship 18 Personal Selling 19 Public Relations 19 Internet marketing 19 Sales Promotion 20 Advertising 20
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MARKET STRUCTURE AND PRICING DECISIONS BY ONIKOYI O. OLUWATOBI M.sc. Marketing A Presentation submitted to the department of business Administration and marketing Management and Social Sciences. In partial Fulfilment on ECONS 801 (MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS) Taught by Associate Prof. Didia P. O November‚ 2011 Introduction In order to maximize profits or shareholder wealth‚ managers must use the information that they have relating to demand and costs in order to determine strategy regarding price and
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every day by marketing and selling food of a consistently high quality. Three objectives of Maggi are good to know‚ which means factual information on nutrition content‚ good to remember‚ means that the tips for healthy lifestyle‚ cooking and diet‚ and good to talk‚ means consumer call to their consumer services teams or log on their website. The target customers of Maggi noodles are kids‚ youth and working women‚ but the biggest consumer is children. 2.0 The Marketing Mix Strategies 2.1 Product
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Pricing Decisions are decisions faced by top management and marketing managers. How much to charge for a product or service depends on a multitude of factors such as competition‚ cost‚ advertising‚ and sales promotion. Economic theory suggests that the best price for a product or service is the one that maximizes the difference between total revenue and total costs. However‚ in reality‚ the price charged is usually some form of cost-plus‚ which is later adjusted for market conditions and competition
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brand in India in the same product category. This soup was initially test marketed in 1974 in Kerala. The response was not encouraging. Having then realized that the dietary habits of Keralites are not conductive to the idea of drinking soup‚ test marketing of the brand extended to Goa with the idea that Goan food habits have some similarity with western habits. Fortunately for the company‚ the test turned out to be positive and Maggi became an accepted brand in India. Maggi has faced lot of hurdles
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Four Types of Pricing Objectives Price is a vital component of a marketing mix‚ also known as the "four Ps" of marketing. The other components are product‚ place and promotion‚ all of which constitute costs. Price‚ on the other hand‚ generates a return as it supports the other marketing-mix elements. Although supply and demand drive pricing decisions‚ they’re not the only factors. Any number of pricing objectives may come into play‚ but four in particular apply to most businesses. Survival
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External factors that affect pricing decisions * External Factors - There are a number of influencing factors which are not controlled by the company but will impact pricing decisions. Understanding these factors requires the marketer conduct research to monitor what is happening in each market the company serves since the effect of these factors can vary by market. i) The nature of the market and demand ii) Elasticity of demand iii) Competitor’s cost‚ price and offers
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CHRISTIAN SERVICE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS STUDIES PRICING AND ITS EFFECTS ON CONSUMER BUYER BEHAVIOUR BY ISAAC OFORI MANU SHIRLEY ANNOR PRISCILLA ADJEI ERIC OFOLI ANANG MARY ABENA FORDJOUR JULY 2011 STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY We have read the university regulation relating to plagiarism and certify that this report is all our own work and do not contain any unacknowledged work from any other source. We also declare that we have been under supervision for this report herein
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