iv 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SMALL RUMINANT TUBERCULOSIS 3 2.1. Global distribution of small ruminant tuberculosis 3 2.2. Risk factors 3 2.2.1 Agent factors 3 2.2.2 Management and Ecological Factors 4 2.2.3 Host factors 5 2.3 Transmission 6 3. STATUS OF SMALL RUMINANT TUBERCULOSIS IN ETHIOPIA 7 4. ZOONOTIC IMPORTANCE OF SMALL RUMINANT TUBERCULOSIS 9 4.1. Zoonotic significance 9 4.2. Risk factors of zoonotic tuberculosis from small ruminants 10 4.3. Reverse zoonosis 11 5. CONCLUSION
Premium Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection spread through inhaling tiny droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected person. It is a serious condition but can be cured with proper treatment. TB mainly affects the lungs. However‚ it can affect any part of the body‚ including the bones and nervous system. Typical symptoms of TB include: having a persistent cough for more than three weeks that brings up phlegm‚ which may be bloody weight loss night sweats high temperature (fever) tiredness
Premium Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis Tuberculosis‚ MTB‚ or TB (short for tubercle bacillus) is a common‚ and in many cases lethal‚ infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria‚ usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been present in the human population for thousands of years; fragments of the spinal column from Egyptian mummies from 2400 BCE show definite pathological signs of tubercular decay. Called "consumption‚" tuberculosis was recognized as the leading cause of mortality
Premium Tuberculosis Infectious disease Bacteria
Tuberculosis Trends in the United States Introduction to Health and Disease/HCS245 August 9‚ 2010 Tuberculosis Trends in the United States In an article entitled Trends in Tuberculosis---United States‚ 2007 published by the Center for Disease Control‚ reports that tuberculosis in the United States for 2007was the lowest recorded since the tracking of the disease started in 1953. However‚ despite the measures that have already been taken to control tuberculosis‚ the rate
Premium United States
Culture and Disease Paper: Pulmonary Tuberculosis Introduction to Health and Disease/HCS 245 July 28‚ 2013 Professor Culture and Disease Paper: Pulmonary Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease that usually attacks the lungs. It is considered a challenging disease to diagnose‚ treat‚ and control. Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is usually referred to as TB. If it is not
Premium Tuberculosis Infectious disease Disease
Tuberculosis‚ MTB‚ or TB (short for tubercle bacillus)‚ in the past also called Phthisis or Phthisis pulmonalis‚ is a common‚ and in many cases lethal‚ infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria‚ usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis.[1] Tuberculosis typically attacks the lungs‚ but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air when people who have an active TB infection cough‚ sneeze‚ or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air.[2] Most infections
Premium Tuberculosis
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) TB has plagued the world since the beginning of cattle domestication in 4000bc. The man and beast interaction allowed M. bovis (mad cow disease) to develop properties allowing for survival within their new hosts. This new class of bacteria was deemed. The evolution of the TB causing bacteria did not stop there. The newest mutation of this bacterium is MDR TB‚ or multidrug resistant tuberculosis. The three main causes that have allowed TB to progressively
Premium Tuberculosis Infectious disease Antibiotic resistance
Tuberculosis: and the trials for the development of a new vaccine Elena Charalambous BHS014-6 Applied Microbiology University of Bedfordshire Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease and it mostly attracts the fields of immunology‚ pathology‚ radiology‚ respiratory physiology‚ and neonatology (Lawn and Zumla 2011). Tuberculosis is a very old disease it first affected the mammoths and Egyptian mummies and after that it infected a large amount of the mankind (Migliori et al.‚ 2010)
Premium Tuberculosis
Avery Smith Anatomy A Mr.Tutolo 10/24/14 Why is Tuberculosis so Dangerous 1. What is Tuberculosis and what are the symptoms Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease can affect the lungs and can cause other problems in some parts of the body such as the brain‚ the kidney‚ and the spine. In 2013 Tuberculosis killed 9 million people The symptoms of Tuberculosis: Bad cough that can last to three days Pain in chest Coughing up blood Chills Fevers Weight
Premium Tuberculosis
Nienhaus et al. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 2014‚ 9:9 http://www.occup-med.com/content/9/1/9 REVIEW Open Access Tuberculosis in healthcare workers – a narrative review from a German perspective Albert Nienhaus1‚2*‚ Anja Schablon1‚ Alexandra M Preisser3‚ Felix C Ringshausen4 and Roland Diel5‚6 Abstract Introduction: Despite the decline of tuberculosis in the population at large‚ healthcare workers (HCW) are still at risk of infection. Methods: In a narrative review the TB risk in
Premium Tuberculosis