observation‚ explanation‚ and prediction of real world phenomena by experiment. Given the dual status of science as objective knowledge and as a human construct‚ good historiography of science draws on the historical methods of both intellectual history and social history. Tracing the exact origins of modern science is possible through the many important texts which have survived from the classical world. However‚ the word scientist is relatively recent—first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century
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2010 Anesthesia Anesthesia is the loss of feeling or sensation. It may be accomplished without the loss of consciousness‚ or with partial or total loss of consciousness. Anesthesia has not been around forever‚ but there is a background history of its creation and the primitive anesthetics used before anesthesia was discovered. Today there are many different anesthetics and delivery methods dependent to the type of procedure. Anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists are a crucial part
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and some type of force to hurl the objects (Catapult history). Catapults were first used in Asia to increase the range and power of a crossbow that was used in war as a weapon. Diodorus Siculus‚ was the first to show the use of a mechanical arrow firing catapult 399 BC (History) that was much like a crossbow and called a Gastraphete (Catapult history). This Gastraphete was later made into a bigger version known as the Ballista (Catapult history). Catapults were then brought to Europe when used during
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Bogotá D.C. a city in central Colombia‚ is the country’s capital‚ located at an elevation of about 2‚650 m. / 8‚660 ft. on a mountain rimmed plateau high in the Cordillera Oriental of the Andes Mountains. This gives it constant spring like weather. It lies only 4°36’ north of the equator. Bogotá was founded on the 6th of August 1538 by the Spanish conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada who fought the Chibcha Indians near the site of the populous tribe center called Bacatá. The new city became
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you the history of chocolate‚ types of chocolate‚ and some benefits from eating chocolate. Let’s start with the History of Chocolate! Chocolate’s history started over 2‚000 years ago. It began in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America from the seed of the cacao tree. This small tree grows best in the tropical atmosphere because it receives the best amount of rain‚ shade‚ humidity‚ wind‚ and nutrients. According to Susan J. Terrio‚ the author of Crafting the Culture and History of French
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"Strategic locations are places important to those with the power to make or break you. It thus follows that external trends‚ not local efforts‚ will always decide which locations thrive." Does the rise of regional hubs from Palembang to Melaka confirm or refute this theory? The Malay world first acquired high strategic value because improvements in shipping technology made seaborne trade more efficient than shorter land-based routes. Combined with the increase in demand for goods traded over long
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HISTORY OF ARNIS Arnis‚ as a martial art‚ was spawned in Philippine soil. It was known in ancient Philippines as kali‚ an ancient Malayan word that implies a large bladed weapon longer than a knife. This art was practiced primarily for self-defense by the pre-Spanish Filipinos who were noted for their friendly nature and legendary hospitality. The lives of Filipino heroes are linked with the awesome power of the martial art of Arnis. They triumphantly waged their heroic battles for freedom and
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Brandie Hunter Mrs. Houston COS 116 1 February 2011 History of Haircoloring The first major break through in hair coloring history came in 1863‚ when chemist Dr. August Wilhelm Von Hofmann reported the dye properties of paraphenylenediamine. His discovery led to the birth of the synthetic hair dye industry‚ and PPD still Dominates the field today. Hofmann was also known for his studies of organic derivatives of ammonia and for discovering the first unsaturated alcohol and
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The History of Derivatives: A Few Milestones EFTA Seminar on Regulation of Derivatives Markets‚ Zurich‚ 3 May 2012 Steve Kummer (research and redaction) and Christian Pauletto (concept and speech delivery) Policy and Trade in Services Division State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO Federal Department of Economic Affairs FDEA Introduction This presentation contains a selection of records and events that constitute a part of the history of derivatives. It relates how derivatives date
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What historical events have been ignored in the national history of the United States? While doing some research on this topic‚ I noticed that there are plenty of historical events that are ignored in the United States. I’m sure there are topics not only ignored‚ but hidden from Americans as well. Although it is not right‚ there are several reason behind the government hiding certain events from us. The biggest reason could be for our safety. For this reasoning‚ I’ll refer to an old saying “ignorance
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