TITLE: Enzymes AIM: To investigate the effect of temperature on the enzyme lipase INTRODUCTION: The phenomenon of catalysis makes possible biochemical reactions necessary for all life processes. Catalysis is defined as the acceleration of a chemical reaction by some substance which itself undergoes no permanent chemical change. The catalysts of biochemical reactions are enzymes and are responsible for bringing about almost all of the chemical reactions in living organisms. Without enzymes‚ these
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AIM The aim of this investigation is to explore the effect of different concentrations of bile salts on the time taken for the lipase enzyme to break down fat. BILE Bile is a brownish bitter alkaline fluid produced by the liver and made by the hepatocytes from water‚ bile salts‚ bile pigments cholesterol and phospholipids and stored in the gall bladder. Bile is directly connected with digestion. It is released sporadically into the small intestine (duodenum) which is part of the gut in order
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2002‚ 7: 57-66 Hydrolysis of Oils by Using Immobilized Lipase Enzyme: A Review V Ramachandra Murty*‚ Jayadev Bhat‚ and P. K. A. Muniswaran . Department of Chemical Engineering‚ Manipal Institute of Technology‚ A Constituent Institution of Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed University)‚ Manipal-576119‚ India Abstract This review focuses on the use of immobilized lipase technology for the hydrolysis of oils. The importance of lipase catalyzed fat splitting process‚ the various immobilization
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History of microorganisms’ discovery Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the one of the first people to observe microorganisms‚ and used a microscope of his own design‚ and made one of the most important contributions to biology. [18] Robert Hooke was the first to use a microscope to observe living things; his 1665 book Micrographia contained descriptions of plant cells. Before Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microorganisms in 1675‚ it had been a mystery why grapes could be turned into wine‚ milk into cheese
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complimentary nucleotide‚ one half of the molecule can serve as a template for the construction of the other half. The four nucleotides in DNA contain the bases adenine (A)‚ guanine (G)‚ cytosine (C) and thymine (T). The people responsible for the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA were Francis Crick‚ Rosalind Franklin‚ Linus Pauling‚ James Watson and Maurice Wilkins. To solve the structure of DNA four ideas had to come together:The first was that the phosphate backbone was on the outside
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What is Enzyme? Enzymes are protein that acts as speed up reactions and break down molecules in our body. However‚ different enzymes only work on certain types of molecules. Enzymes can accelerate the reactions by more than one million times.(3) In our human body‚ there are a total about forty thousand types of enzymes and each catalyzes different kind of molecule.(3) The molecules that enzymes help to accelerate is called substrates‚ and when enzyme is combined together with the substrate‚ it
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Factors Affecting Enzyme Action ------------------------------------------------- Term 1 Biology Nicole Goosen Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Materials: 3 Method: 4 Risk assignment: 4 Risk: 4 Personal Protective Equipment: 4 Results: 5 Discussion: 5 Conclusion: 6 Introduction: How is the human body able to digest the food that you eat? How quickly your body digests your food? This is because the human body contains enzymes that are the biological substance‚ a.k.a proteins
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activity of the enzyme (catalase)? Theory The higher the substrate concentration the more quickly product is produced (rate of reaction increases) until enzyme saturation is reached at which time more substrate has no further effect. Enzymes such as Catalase are protein molecules which are found in living cells. They are used to speed up specific reactions in the cells. They are all very specific as each enzyme just performs one particular reaction. Catalase is an enzyme found in food such
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Enzyme as protein Dr.Samina Haq Quantitative and qualitative test for protein and amino acids • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Qualitative test Ninhydrin test Biuret test Xanthoproteic test Millons test Hopkins-cole test Nitroprusside test Quantitative test 1. 2. 3. Spectrophotometric assay Protein shows maximum absorbance at 280nm due to presence of tyrosine and tryptophane. Biuret test shows 540nm Lowry test shows 750nm Ninhydrin Test • Amino acid containing a free
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How does temperature affect the rate of reaction for Lipase? As the temperature increases‚ so will the rate of enzyme reaction. However‚ as the temperature exceeds the optimum the rate of reaction will decrease. I predict that at temperatures above 70°C the enzyme lipase will become denatured and at temperatures below 10°C the enzyme will become inactive. Since lipase operates within the human body I’d also predict that its optimum temperature would be around human body temperature which is approximately
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