Historical Laws and Security Lyn Wilson CJS 250 December 1‚ 2011 Michael Erhmann Historical Laws and Security The foundations of current laws and security practices are found in history. The Code of Hammurabi‚ (1750 B.C.) was created by King Hammurabi in Babylonia. It was established with 282 clauses regulating marriage‚ slavery‚ commerce‚ debt‚ and theft. Punishment for offenders was considered barbaric. In 621 B.C. a Greek man named Draco wrote Draco’s Law. These were the first written
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THE COST AND SALES CONCEPT Cost is defined as a reduction in the value of an asset for the purpose of securing benefit or gain. Cost is defined in a hotel and restaurant as the expense to a hotel or restaurant for goods or services when the goods are consumed or the services are rendered. KINDS OF COSTS 1. Fixed costs – are those that are normally unaffected by changes in sales volume. They are said to have little direct relationship to the business volume because they do not change
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customers has vastly increased making it much more difficult to keep track of the finance and performance. This is where accounting plays its role of systematically recording‚ reporting and analysing the financial transactions of a business. This essay aims to compare and contrast the roles and responsibilities of a management accountant with that of a financial accountant. Accounting allows a company to analyse the financial performance of a business and represent its position through past and future
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HISTORY OF ACCOUNTING Primitive Accounting Traced as far as 8500 BC in Mesopotamia through the use of clay like: a. Record for paid wages b. Record purposes‚ as general Pyramids in Egypt‚ for the costs of structures Other places like China‚ Babylon‚ and Greece Middle Ages More formal account-keeping methods were developed by the merchants and banks. Double-entry records first appeared in Genoa in 1340 AD. First accounting book was written by Contrugli in Naples Summa de Arithmetica
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is provided for general guidance only and on the understanding that it does not represent‚ and is not intended to be‚ advice. Whilst care has been taken in its preparation‚ it should not be used as a substitute for consultation with professional accounting‚ tax‚ legal or other advisors. Before making any decision or taking any action‚ you should consult with an appropriate specialist or professional. No warranty is given to the correctness of the information contained in this document‚ or its suitability
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IN PRESS Journal of Financial Economics 92 (2009) 443–469 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Financial Economics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jfec Seasoned equity offerings: Quality of accounting information and expected flotation costs$ Gemma Lee a‚ Ronald W. Masulis b‚Ã a b W. Paul Stillman School of Business‚ Seton Hall University‚ South Orange‚ NJ 07079‚ USA Owen Graduate School of Management‚ Vanderbilt University‚ Nashville‚ TN 37203‚ USA a r t
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Case Study Inventory The Cost of Inventory The general principle for cost inclusion into inventory for US GAAP and IFRS is similar but not exactly the same. First let us look at US GAAP. The basis of accounting for inventories is “cost‚” which is explained in ASC 330-10-30 paragraph 1 as “the sum of the applicable expenditures and charges directly or indirectly incurred in bringing an article to its existing condition and location.” These costs are divided into two different categories‚ the
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Postcolonialism – An Historical Introduction Robert J. C. Young In these two chapters from the book ‘Postcolonialism – An Historical Introduction‚ Robert J.C. Young provides the reader with an in depth understanding of colonal and postcolonial history‚ as well as well pondered definitions of important terms within the academic field of postcolonial studies. To illustrate the cruel and inhumane reality of the imperialistic powers‚ Young uses the case of Sir Roger Casement‚ a former member of
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Cost estimation is a fundamental aspect of managerial/cost accounting (Datar et al. 2008; Eldenburg and Wolcott 2005). The cost predictions are used in each of the management functions. for example used to predict costs so that management can determine the desirability of alternative options and to budget expenditures‚ profits‚ and cash flows. The objective is to support students in learning how to apply regression analyses to understand cost behavior and forecast future costs using real data from
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Managing Cost of Quality: Insight into Industry Practice Andrea Schiffauerova *‚ Vince Thomson ** * École Polytechnique de Montréal‚ Department of Mathematics and Industrial Engineering‚ Montreal ** Department of Mechanical Engineering‚ McGill University‚ Montreal‚ Canada Article Reference: Schiffauerova‚ A. and Thomson‚ V.‚ “Managing cost of quality: Insight into industry practice”‚ The TQM Magazine‚ 2006 Abstract This paper reports on the study of the quality costing practices at four large
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