Chapter 5 QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN AND SCALE DEVELOPMENT Naresh K. Malhotra‚ Georgia Institute of Technology Introduction This chapter describes the importance of a questionnaire and presents the process for developing questionnaires and observational forms. Guidelines for questionnaire construction are provided at each stage of the process. In addition‚ commonly used scaling techniques and use of questionnaires in experimentation are discussed and the design of observational forms is presented
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Review and Critique of the 16PF Questionnaire Liberty University Abstract The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF)‚ Fifth Edition was released in 1993 and is designed to measure normal personality traits in adults ages 16 and older. Dr. Raymond Cattell published the first edition of the 16PF in 1949 after extensive research using factor analysis techniques. The 16PF measures 16 primary personality factors and five global personality factors. Available in a wide variety of languages
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Theory (Two Factor Theory) To better understand employee attitudes and motivation‚ Frederick Herzberg performed studies to determine which factors in an employee’s work environment caused satisfaction or dissatisfaction. He published his findings in the 1959 book The Motivation to Work. The studies included interviews in which employees where asked what pleased and displeased them about their work. Herzberg found that the factors causing job satisfaction (and presumably motivation) were different
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tourism need to consider that the seasonal workforce consists of different kinds of worker subgroups‚ which have different needs to be satisfied. Ó 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Work motivation Seasonal Employee Hospitality Tourism Herzberg LISREL 1. Introduction The objective of this study is to understand work motivation in a sample of seasonal workers at a ski-resort strongly steered by seasonality‚ situated in northern Sweden. Tourism is strongly steered by seasonality. An international
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One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees? by Frederick Herzberg When Frederick Herzberg researched the sources of employee motivation during the 1950s and 1960s‚ he discovered a dichotomy that still intrigues (and baffles) managers: The things that make people satisfied and motivated on the job are different in kind from the things that make them dissatisfied. Ask workers what makes them unhappy at work‚ and you’ll hear about an annoying boss‚ a low salary‚ an uncomfortable work space‚
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Frederick Herzberg’s two-factor theory‚ also called the motivator-hygiene theory. This theory has identifies that there are hygiene factors that can lead to job dissatisfaction but if a hygiene factor is improved it does not improve job satisfaction. Examples of these hygiene factors in the workplace are organizational policies‚ quality of supervision‚ working conditions‚ wage or salary‚ relationships with peers‚ relationships with subordinates‚ status and security. Improving one of these factors
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Describe & compare the basic contributions of Maslow & Herzberg to the understanding of worker motivation. We have basic needs which‚ when not met‚ cause us to be dissatisfied. Meeting these needs does not make us satisfied‚ it merely prevents us from becoming dissatisfied. There is a separate set of needs which‚ when resolved‚ do make us satisfied. These are called motivators. This theory is also called Herzberg’s two-factor theory. Herzberg asked people about times when they had felt good about
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HERZBERG THEORY Herzberg’s Two Factor theory (Motivator-Hygiene) suggested that the factors involved in producing job satisfaction and motivation are separate and distinct from the factors that lead to job dissatisfaction. (Herzberg‚ 1987) In 1959‚ Frederick Herzberg found that people had two essential needs in life. 1. The human’s need as an animal to avoid pain 2. The human’s need to grow psychologically And from the two founding‚ Herzberg has come up with a two factor theory or is
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Survey Self administered Questionnaire Mail Survey Internet Survey Method of Data Collection • Observational studies – Researcher inspects the activities of a subject or the nature of some material without attempting to elicit responses from anyone • Interrogative/Communication Mode – The research questions the subjects and collects their responses by personal or impersonal means • Interview or telephone conversations (Interactive) • Self-administered questionnaires (Non Interactive; does
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the survey questionnaires to the parents of the children to fill out. The parents gave us suggestions to change some of our questions and rephrase others for they could merely understand what was being asked of them. Source of Data The researchers have gathered the necessary information from the respondents and their parents. In this case the researchers have conducted BMI calculation after weighing and getting the children’s height. Research Instrument Survey Questionnaire The main
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