Accounting: Costing and Budgeting Assignment Introduction In this assignment you will consider cost information both current and future. Cost data will be collected‚ compiled and analysed‚ and will be processed into information of use to management. You will also deal with budgetary planning and control‚ forecasts and budgets. Learning outcomes On successful completion of this assignment you will be able to: 1 Collect and analyse cost information within a business 2 Propose methods to reduce costs and enhance
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Types of Costs by Behavior Cost behavior refers to the way different types of production costs change when there is a change in level of production. There are three main types of costs according to their behavior: Fixed Costs: Fixed costs are those which do not change with the level of activity within the relevant range. These costs will incur even if no units are produced. For example rent expense‚ straight-line depreciation expense‚ etc. Fixed cost per unit decreases with increase in production
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INVENTORY COSTING AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS 9-1 No. Differences in operating income between variable costing and absorption costing are due to accounting for fixed manufacturing costs. Under variable costing only variable manufacturing costs are included as inventoriable costs. Under absorption costing both variable and fixed manufacturing costs are included as inventoriable costs. Fixed marketing and distribution costs are not accounted for differently under variable costing and absorption costing. 9-2
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knowledge of the market All sellers and buyers have perfect knowledge of the market. Sellers know the prices charged by other seller in the market. The buyers must know the prices being charged by others sellers. Price Determination in PCF P D P S P E P D=MR=AR 0 Q Q 0 Q Market Demand an Supply Individual Firm Demand DEFINITION OF SHORT RUN(SR) Some input cannot be changed within a time period There 2 type of inputs: I. Fixed inputs II. Variable
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each section are provided in the Course Description. Part A – Microeconomics – Worth 10% of total assessment: Answer any five (5) of the following questions. Each question is worth 10 marks; Question 1: (a) Explain the impact of external costs and external benefits on resource allocation; (2.5 marks) Ans : Resources are over - allocated when negative externalities exist because the equilibrium price is too low. Resources are under - allocated when positive externalities exist because the
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Cost Reduction in the Automobile Industry—Case Studies of the Chinese Market University of Halmstad School of Business and Engineering Master ’s Programme Master’ Cost Reduction in the Automobile Industry —— Case Studies of the Chinese market Studies October 25‚ 2012 Authors: Xu Zhiran ------ 890212-T253 Zhou Mengxiao------ 890315-T432 Supervisor: Nataliya Galan Examiner: Jonas.Gabrielsson i Cost Reduction in the Automobile Industry—Case Studies of the Chinese Market
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Minimizing the Inventory Cost in the Production Management: Just in Time (JIT) Manufacturing System is a Mile Stone Shirajul Islam M. Phil Researcher‚ Jahangirnagar University‚ Savar‚ Dhaka Abstract This article explains how a firm manages her inventory to gain minimum production cost and earn business success by using JIT (Just in Time) Manufacturing System. It provides a mathematical framework to understand the performance of a farm‚ and argues that inventory cost minimization method is an approach that
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Cost Reduction Techniques I. Introduction a) Why the need for cost reduction measures b) Who can implement these methods? c) Can I really make a difference? Organizing and Developing a Successful Cost Reduction Program a) What management can do about cost reductions b) Developing your cost reduction program c) Waste Prevention and its impact to the bottom line d) Operational analysis – a key to many savings e) Promoting a cost reduction program f) Communication results to all levels of management/organization
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social responsibility. Their strategy includes good sourcing‚ high level environmental performance in the development and make new stores‚ working together and to be a respected partner in their communities. Organizational structure is composed of all the departments that an organization requires to produce its goods and services. * STARBUCKS has decentralized authority because they created decision-making for each manager. There are also lots of stores around the world and each store has different
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1/ Variable Costs: The variable cost will be 40% higher [ an increase of 21‚000 - 15‚000=6‚000 units] Direct Material used 1‚060‚000 Variable Costs: Direct Labor 1‚904‚000 Direct material used [ 1‚060‚000 *1.4] 1‚484‚000 Unit costs [ 6‚335‚600 / 21‚000] =$ 301.7 Indirect Materials and supplies 247‚000 Direct Labor [ 1‚904‚000 * 1.4] 2‚665‚600 Variable Cost/ Unit = 228.27 at both 15k & 21k units Power to run plant eqip 213‚000 Indirect Materials
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