Logical Fallacies Response 1. Hasty Generalization: My father smoked four packs of cigarettes a day since age fourteen‚ and lived until age sixty-nine. Therefore‚ smoking really can’t be that bad for you. Explanation: This is a clear example of a hasty generalization. The writer concludes that smoking is universally not bad just because his or her father is still alive although he smokes a lot. The health risk of smoking cannot be claimed based on the case study of one person. It is very unreasonable
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After the reader reads this they will want to try this Malbec due to it being the world’s best. It appeals to their emotions to fit in with the majority and not feel left out. They will try the Malbec‚ because the world believes it’s the best. 5. Hasty
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Argument Analysis Essay of Saint Joan George Bernard’s play Saint Joan was written about the life of a French woman in the late 1420’s who was on trial for spreading heresy. The Inquisitor presented a case against Joan to the juries of the church court. His argument opened with an appeal to ethos. Throughout the rest of his speech he would keep up this type of appeal‚ preferring the approach of ethical appeals to that of logic. Due to his lack of logical appeals‚ he seemed to revert to logical
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Examine the conclusion of the argument. If the conclusion is a general statement – that is‚ a statement in which an attribute is predicated distributively to each and every member of a class – the fallacy committed is hasty generalization. But if the conclusion is a class statement – that is‚ a statement in uu7which an attribu8te is predicted collectively to a class as a whole – the fallacy is composition. Summary of Informal Fallacies – 163 3.4 Quiz Arguments that commit
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clearly in the distance. But Kunstler says documents show a storm had swept in that night‚ bringing freezing rain‚ hail and snow that would have cut the visibility.” (LA Times Staff 8) A Attitude: Critical‚ formal‚ judgemental. F Fallacy: Hasty Generalization “The most obvious is that Washington would not have used the earliest Stars-and-Stripes flag that appears in the Leutze work; it wasn’t adopted until 1777.” (LA Times Staff 6) E Ethos: The LA Times is
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there were no nuclear weapons. (One has nothing to do with the other.) Over-generalization: Making sweeping statements that are so general they over-simplify reality. In other words‚ they are statements making assumptions about a whole group based on a sample that is just too small or not at all typical. Stereotypes are often based on over-generalizations (also called hasty generalizations). Examples of over-generalizations: * Wealthy people are snobs. * Three senior citizens died after
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that Santa Clause exists; we may as well stop trying and accept the truth: there is no Santa Clause. L. Ad ignorantium 5. Alicia started gaining more weight than ever when she started taking Slimdown; the stuff must be fattening! J. Hasty generalization 6. No sensible person would support the Equal Rights Amendment. If it were to pass‚ we would have women in combat and unisex bathrooms. Eventually‚ we would not be able to tell women from men! I. Black and white (slippery slope) 7
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baculum) The argument against person (ad hominem) Irrelevant Conclusion • Fallacies of Defective Induction – weak premises • • • • The argument from ignorance (ad ignorantiam) The appeal to inappropriate authority (ad vericundiam) False Cause Hasty Generalization MATERIAL FALLACIES • Fallacies of Presumption – too much assumption in the premises • Accident • Complex question • Begging the question • Straw – Man Fallacy Fallacy of Relevance • The appeal to populace (ad populum) – a diversion from
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improper comparison between surgery and medicine and decreases Wolf’s credibility. Wolf paints all cosmetic surgery as turning “woman-made women...into man-made women” (220). This statement is a hasty generalization‚ and assumes that all surgeons than men and all patients are women. This hasty generalization lacks evidence and lowers Wolf’s credibility even
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some members of a group to a generalization about the entire group. The entire group is called the target group; the observed members of the group‚ the sample; and the group characteristics we’re interested in‚ the relevant property. An enumerative induction can fail to be strong by having a sample that’s too small or not representative. When we draw a conclusion about a target group based on an inadequate sample size‚ we’re said to commit the error of hasty generalization. Opinion polls are enumerative
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