Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to use staining techniques and biochemical testing to identify an unknown bacteria using Bergey’s manual. Bergey’s manual of Systematic Bacteriology is a dichotomous key primarily used to identify a bacterial species. Biochemical tests are used to differentiate different species of bacteria. These tests are effective in determining the characteristics of the microbe being tested. Such characteristics include citrate utilization‚ gelatin hydrolysis‚ nitrate
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Repeat step 4 for each of the remaining salts. 3. Repeat step 4 for each of the unknown metals and predict the identity of the unknown metals. Repeat any of the known metals to help with this prediction. **Wash hands thoroughly before leaving the lab. ** Some of the salts used are poisonous or irritating to the skin. Keep your hands away from your mouth until after you have washed them and have let the
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The Urea test was used to test both Unknown Gram-positive and Unknown Gram-negative bacteria. One colony of bacteria was used from the Unknown 13A plate and Unknown 13B plate in order to inoculate the Urea Slant. After the slant was inoculated‚ the cultures were placed in an incubator at 35ºC for Gram-positive bacteria‚ and 37ºC for Gram-negative bacteria for a total of 48 hours. If the Urea test were positive‚ the color of the slant would have changed to a hot pink color‚ which indicated the bacteria’s
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found in a compound. And in order to detect the presence of metals in a compound‚ flame test is done. The result of the flame test is based on each element’s characteristic which is emission spectrum. Flame test involves placing a sample of an element or compound in a non-luminous flame and observing the resulting color of the flame. Flame test is fast and easy to perform. All the equipment needed for flame test is present in all chemistry laboratories. Solubility is a quantitative term defined
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Food Test 1: Test for Glucose – with Benedicts solution Benedicts solution is used to test for simple sugars‚ such as glucose. It is a clear blue solution of sodium and copper salts. In presence of simple sugars‚ the blue solution changes color to either green‚ yellow or brick-red‚ depending on the amount of sugar. Method 1) Mix smalls amount of each food sample (i.e.‚ Egg lumen‚ cylindrical piece of potato tuber‚ bread crump and crisps) in different test tubes with distilled water to make a
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element tensile test is conducted for element size of 5mm at strain rates mentioned in Fig. 7 7. The true stress versus plastic strain results of the simulation in comparison to the load curve is shown in Fig. 7 9. As the damage is coupled to the stress tensor by Eq. 4 1‚ there is a continuous reduction of stress. The plastic strain at failure for different strain rates is shown in Fig. 7 11 which is in accordance to the scaling factor given for different strain rates. One element tensile test is also conducted
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The catalase test is used to differentiate staphylococci (catalase-positive) from streptococci (catalase-negative). The enzyme‚ catalase‚ protects the bacteria from the toxic by-products of oxygen metabolism. This enzyme is produced by bacteria that respires using oxygen. The catalase-positive bacteria include strict aerobes. Catalase-negative bacteria may be anaerobes‚ or they may be facultative anaerobes do not respire using oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor. The test reaction is very fast
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which was hard to identify the shape of the bacteria‚ while other sections were less concentrated and was easier to analyze the shape. The next step according to the result‚ will be a catalase test.
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3.1 Ex-vivo Evaluation of the Mucoadhesiveness of Synbiotics Mucoadhesive properties prolong the retention time of the bead’s dose in the targeted site the colon [23]‚ [50]. Since the dose is intended to colonic release‚ mucoadhesion parameters play a key role in the efficiency of the form. The beads remain longer in contact with colonic mucosa when they have more mucoadhesive property. As a result the probiotics will have enough time to get released from beads and colonize the colon [37]‚ [51]
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used. The tension test is one of the laboratories which help students develop their knowledge in this course by practice. During the laboratory a Tinius Olsen Tension Test equipment was used‚ and the test samples were from low and high carbon steel and timber with grains parallel and perpendicular to the load. Test equipment and materials The test equipment used during the laboratory is one of the Benchtop Materials Testing Machines made by Tinius Olsen. This machine can test different types of
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