IGS 300V1-124 Quarterly Test 1.The three things that John Locke states the government must provide that the state of nature lacks are: 1. A set of clear written laws for the settlement of particular conflicts and issues involving social order. 2. Impartial judge to interpret and uphold the written laws. 3. Force that is able to execute the necessary set laws. The conditions that Locke sets for the extent and power of the legislative body are: 1. “It can not be absolutely arbitrary over the lives
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CHAPTER 13 DIVIDEND POLICY L E A R N I N G LG1 LG2 LG3 Understand cash dividend payment procedures and the role of dividend reinvestment plans. Describe the residual theory of dividends and the key arguments with regard to dividend irrelevance and relevance. Discuss the key factors involved in formulating a dividend policy. G O A L S LG4 Review and evaluate the three basic types of dividend policies. LG5 Evaluate stock dividends from accounting‚ shareholder
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Stock dividend * Definition: * A corporate distribution to shareholders declared out of profits‚ at the discretion of the directors of the corporation‚ which is paid in the form of shares of stock‚ as opposed to money‚ and increases the number of shares. * A dividend paid as additional shares of stock rather than as cash. If dividends paid are in the form of cash‚ those dividends are taxable. When a company issues a stock dividend‚ rather than cash‚ there usually are not tax consequences
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University of Sydney 1 Dividend Policy 2 This Lecture PART I – Dividend Fundamentals • • • • What is Dividend Policy? Institutional Features of Dividends Types of Dividend Policies Trends in Dividend Policies PART 2 – Is There An Optimal Dividend Policy? • Dividend Policy is Irrelevant • Dividend Policy is Relevant PART 3 – Alternatives to Dividends • Share Buy-Backs • Dividend Reinvestment Plans (DRPs) 3 What is Dividend Policy? Definition • Dividend policy refers to the decision
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help management must decide on the form of the dividend distribution‚ generally as cash dividends or via a share buyback. Various factors may be taken into consideration: where shareholders must pay tax on dividends‚ firms may elect to retain earnings or to perform a stock buyback‚ in both cases increasing the value of shares outstanding. Alternatively‚ some companies will pay "dividends" from stock rather than in cash. The purpose of an optimal dividend policy should be to maximize shareholders’
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DEEMED DIVIDENDS can elect to have deemed dividend paid from capital dividend account by making 83(2) election resulting in no taxes may still elect if corporation has deemed dividend so as to transfer the Capital Dividend Account amount to the parent corporation if individuals receive deemed dividends: LRIP (lower rate income pool) from CCPC small business deduction plus investment income subject to integrations Gross up 25% $1‚000 x 1.25 = $1‚250 FDTC $167 [either 2/3 of gross up 1250
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A corporation that distributes property that has appreciated in value must recognize a gain at the time of distribution. The corporation is treated as if it had sold the property. The gain equals the property ’s fair market value less its adjusted basis. Code Sec. (b). However‚ the corporation does not recognize a loss if the property had declined in value. Also‚ the corporation recognizes no gain or loss if t distributes its own stock rights to its shareholders. Code Sec. (a). The character of the
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january 2011 Dividends: The 2011 guide to dividend policy trends and best practices Published by Corporate Finance Advisory For questions or further information‚ please contact: Marc Zenner marc.p.zenner@jpmorgan.com (212) 834-4330 Tomer Berkovitz tomer.x.berkovitz@jpmorgan.com (212) 834-2465 John Clark john.hs.clark@jpmorgan.com (212) 834-2156 Evan Junek evan.a.junek@jpmorgan.com (212) 834-5110 DiviDEnDs: ThE 2011 GuiDE To DiviDEnD poliCy TrEnDs anD BEsT praCTiCEs | 1 1. The
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Abstract v Key Terms ix CHAPTER-1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction to Dividends 1 1.2 A Short History of Dividend Policy 6 1.3 Dividend Policy 9 1.4 Economic Rationale to Dividends 12 1.5 Dividend Policy and its Linkages with other Financial Policies 15 1.6 Pure Vs Smoothed Residual Dividend Policy 16 1.7 Dividend Declaration Process 17 1.8 Alternative Forms of Dividends 18 1.8.1 Stock Repurchases or Share buy Backs 19 1.8.2 Bonus Shares
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Dividend Policy Dividend policy Executive summary Once a company makes a profit‚ they must decide on what to do with those profits. They could continue to retain the profits within the company‚ or they could pay out the profits to the owners of the firm in the form of dividends. Once the company decides on whether to pay dividends‚ they may establish a somewhat permanent dividend policy‚ which may in turn affect investors and perceptions of the company in the financial
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