HUMAN AND SOCIAL CAPITAL BY: JOSEPH KIOKO REG. NO: D80/61281/2011 DATE: 05/06/2013 LECTURER: PROF. P. O. K’OBONYO Introduction and Definitions: Human capital is defined by the OECD (1998‚ p9) as “the knowledge‚ skills and competences and other attributes embodied in individuals that are relevant to economic activity.” While Duration of schooling and levels of qualification are the standard measures used to measure human capital the OECD itself
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Four Major Types of Agency Budgeting Systems What are the four major types of agency budgeting systems? The four types of agency budgeting systems are capitol budgeting‚ operational budgeting‚ personnel budgeting‚ expendables and accountable. The relative advantage between these is they have a need to be the foundation for the company. These are what help the company as far as pay‚ salary and uniforms. This budgeting system allows for the company to figure out what will be needed to perform certain
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Ronald Coase noted‚“The cost of doing anything consists of the receipts that could have been obtained if that particular decision had not been taken.” For example‚ the opportunity set for this Friday night includes the movies‚ a concert‚ staying home and studying‚ staying home and watching television‚ inviting friends over‚ and so forth. The opportunity cost of taking job A included the forgone salary of $102‚000 plus the $5‚000 of intangibles from job B. Opportunity cost is the sacrifice of
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Cases and Exercises for Value and Capital Budgeting Corporate Finance Academic Year 2012/2013 1. The treasurer of Amaro Canned Fruits has projected the cash flows of projects A‚ B and C as follows (measured in e): Year 0 Project A Project B Project C Year 1 70‚ 000 130‚ 000 75‚ 000 Year 2 70‚ 000 130‚ 000 60‚ 000 −100‚ 000 −200‚ 000 −100‚ 000 Suppose the relevant discount rate is 12% per annum. (a) Compute the profitability index for each of the three projects. (b) Compute the NPV for each
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Cost of Capital questions and practice problems Questions 1. What does the WACC measure? 2. Which is easier to calculate directly‚ the expected rate of return on the assets of a firm or the expected rate of return on the firm’s debt and equity? Assume you are an outsider to the firm. 3. Why are market-based weights important? 4. Why is the coupon rate of existing debt irrelevant for finding the cost of debt capital? 5. Under what assumptions can the WACC be
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Case Study –Nike‚ Inc.: Cost of Capital FIN202a-Spring 2011 1. Please define Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). Write down the WACC formula‚ and discuss its components. WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) is a market weighted average‚ at target leverage‚ of the cost of after tax debt and equity. It is a critical input for evaluating investment decision‚ and typically the discount rate for NPV calculation. And it serves as the benchmark for operating performance‚ relative to
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future." Budgeting actually refers to the process that‚ after the strategic plan of the business has been made‚ companies made a short term plan (usually one year) to meet the strategic purpose. Traditional budgeting has offered a lot of contributions in so many years’ practice. But it seems it is more and more unsuitable for the modern business. In this paper‚ I will give a brief induction for traditional budgeting; and then discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the traditional budgeting; last I
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assignment should be submitted on Blackboard. No late assignment will be accepted. Enjoy the problems! Capital Budgeting The C & S Company manufactures ice-cream bars. They are considering the purchase of a new machine that will top the bar with high quality chocolate. The cost of the machine is $900‚000; it has a life of 10 years and the company will have to increase its net working capital by $20‚000 to use it. The machine can produce up to 1‚000‚000 ice-cream bars annually. The marketing director
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make sure I can get to work on time. Kotara is approximately 20km away from home so driving to and from work will approximately be 40km a day. Working 5 days a week in total I will be travelling 200km. I choose a 2014 Mitsubishi Mirage Sport LA that costs $9‚990 because it is fuel efficient‚ runs well‚ parts are easy to find and reasonably cheap‚ I love Mitsubishi and the look of this particular car‚ I have friends that own this car and they say it is the most reliable car they have ever owned‚ it is
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investments in a variety of capital projects. Whether it is the need to purchase new machinery‚ expanding the production facility‚ or even buying new transport‚ all these projects require firms to make high investment now. In all these projects‚ the cash flow or the benefit is expected to be received for several years. A company at any time may have many capital projects in foresight. It is the responsibility of the finance manager to evaluate these projects through the capital budgeting process which involves
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