Nutritional requirements The composition of medium for the tissue culture is the most important key factor in the successful culture of plant cells. The medium should be accurately defined of inorganic and organic chemical additives so as to provide i) the nutrients for the survival of the plant cells‚ tissues and organs under culture and ii) the optimal physical condition of pH‚ osmotic pressure‚ etc. In the culture of plant cells formulating optimum type of medium favorable for in vitro
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Africa and Asia. It is a warm season plant and not frost tolerant. It is a diploid species with 2n= 16. It is naturalized in Florida and many other tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Hairy indigo is known to have hard seed and should be scarified for uniform germination. Being hard seeded is beneficial for self-reseeding in pastures and cover crops. This persistence in other crops can cause it to be a troubling weed due to its height‚ canopy and woody stems that can interfere with crop harvesting
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authors are very much indebted to the management of NAERLS‚ ABU Zaria providing support and the Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA) for their logistic support in the production of this bulletin. We also wish to acknowledge Dr. D. I. Agekpe‚ Head of Seed Unit‚ IAR for providing useful information in the production of the bulletin. Authors Y. A. Sani‚ M. M. jaliya‚ M. U. Makeri‚ S. I. Sunusi and A. A. Yari. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE Introduction .....................................
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climatic requirement of different crops. * Seasonal crop :- temperate (apple‚grape) & tropical crop (mango‚ durian‚ rambutan) iv) To know the growing season of the crop * Plant strees march :- when strees it can produce flower or seed before die. v) Easy disease control and prevention control. vi) Easy the process in crop names‚ identification aand review guide. vii) Simplify plant collection initiatives‚ research‚ breeding and specialized development efforts. viii)
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ticks from the rhino. Yet‚ despite their seemingly small role in the food chain‚ rhinos play a significant role in their ecosystem. They make paths for other animals when they crash through dense bush. Their dung enriches the soil and contains seeds for germination. When they dig‚ they create pools of water benefitting others like frogs and insects. Interesting facts: • The name rhinoceros means ‘nose horn’ and is often shortened to rhino. • There are five different species of rhinoceros‚ three
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Prehistoric humans had many choices as to how they would obtain food. Although all humans in the past started as hunter-gatherers‚ some evolved into farmers. The first farmers were unaware of their actions. They could not have possibly known that they developed food production as they were the first to do so. The decision to change from hunter-gatherers to farmers did not occur simultaneously. Many hunter-gatherers choose to not change their lifestyle. The change occurred gradually and was influenced
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Name___________________________________ Score________________ Section___________________________________ Date_________________ EXERCISE NO. 1a MITOSIS OBJECTIVES The students should be able to: 1. identify the different steps involved in mitosis and meiosis; 2. describe the behavior of the chromosomes during each stage of cell division; 3. identify specific events in mitosis and meiosis that allow the inheritance of traits and generation of variation. MATERIALS
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the cell Maintaining an acidic internal pH Containing small molecules Exporting unwanted substances from the cell Allows plants to support structures such as leaves and flowers due to the pressure of the central vacuole In seeds‚ stored proteins needed for germination are kept in ’protein bodies’‚ which are modified vacuoles.[4] Vacuoles also play a major role in autophagy‚ maintaining a balance between biogenesis (production) and degradation (or turnover)‚ of many substances and cell structures
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pointed out the extensive spoilage of apples in storage as one of the major problems‚ to the Government. One Franklin Kidd and another Cyril West were appointed to study ways to improve fruit storage. Applying information obtained while studying seed germination‚ Kidd and West demonstrated that fruit ripening could be retarded by increasing carbon dioxide and lowering oxygen in the storage atmosphere. And‚ from that day onwards and still ongoing‚ constant efforts are being made to control the atmosphere
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1.0 Introduction We have chosen Nestle (Malaysia) Berhad as the company for us to do research on it. Nestle (Malaysia) Berhad began in Malaysia in 1912 and the first factory was in Petaling Jaya. Nestle Malaysia has 7 manufacturing factories now and operates the headquarters in Mutiara Damasara. Nestle Malaysia was listed on the Bursa Malaysia on 13 December 1989 in Main Market under Consumer Product sector. Today‚ Nestle (Malaysia) Berhad employs more than 5000 employees and manufactures more than
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