pressure‚ humidity; radio transmitters send back data 2x daily Aircrafts study hurricanes Radar- distribution and intensity of precipitation Satellite Imaging- Storms‚ clouds‚ etc. over oceans and areas with little/ no observations Earth’s Spheres Geosphere- Solid earth Atmosphere- Sky (thinner as you get higher till it merges with space) 99% Hydrosphere- Water areas + ice Oceans: ~71% Earth’s surface‚ avg. depth of 4 km Streams‚ lakes‚ clouds‚ glaciers‚ underground Volume of water Oceans: 97
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TITLE: Wad a Watershed Lab INTRODUCTION: Using models is very important in science. In this lab‚ you will design a model that will help you investigate the relationship between land surfaces and water on Earth. OBJECTIVE: To design a model that will help you visualize watershed characteristics. PROBLEM: How can we use the relationships between land surfaces and water to understand conservation of resources and pollution? HYPOTHESIS: In your own words‚ write a hypothesis about how the relationships
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breath) What is the hydrosphere‚ what are its various components‚ and which of these contains the majority of its substance? All of Earth’s water 97% is in oceans What is the geosphere‚ and what are the characteristics of the following subdivisions: Crust (Continental and Oceanic)‚ Mantle‚ Outer Core and Inner Core. Geosphere is earth’s Surface to its center Continental Crust Thicker‚ variable thickness‚ and granitic average composition. Oceanic Crust Thinner‚ more uniform in thickness‚ and basaltic
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The Carbon Cycle is a complex series of processes through which all of the carbon atoms in existence rotate. The same carbon atoms in your body today have been used in countless other molecules since time began. The wood burned just a few decades ago could have produced carbon dioxide which through photosynthesis became part of a plant. When you eat that plant‚ the same carbon from the wood which was burnt can become part of you. The carbon cycle is the great natural recycler of carbon atoms. Unfortunately
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The layers of Earth How do scientists know what is in the center of the earth? How can we know what the core of the earth is made of‚ if scientists have never studied any materials from a depth below 7.5 miles? Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old‚ and over this time period‚ many things have changed inside and out. The formation of our planet is quite amazing. Earth consists of multiple layers. The three most distinct or main layers are the core‚ mantle and crust. The inner portion is
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to get pereserved there Major species of algal bloom: diatoms‚ dinoflagellates‚ coccolithophores‚ etc. blooms are unsteady phenomenon Bloom definition: cell #’s >10^6mL^-1 chlorophyll a concentration ? 3-fold of the annual average. Geosphere‚ Lithosphere‚ Atmosphere‚ Hydrosphere‚ Biosphere Gaia Hypothesis – (James Lovelock) The chemical constituents within the Earth System are out of equilibrium in a thermodynamic sense. Such “dis-equilibrium” is maintained by the living biosphere
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EASC 2112 Earth System The lively Earth: important features make the Earth unique Name: Leung Ho Nam‚ Banson UID: 2011712579 Introduction: The Earth is one of the eight planets in the solar system. The planet Earth is emphasized as “the rare Earth” in numerous literatures because of its unique physical conditions and the complicated interactions among all biotic and abiotic systems. Isotope dating indicates the earth was formed approximately from 4.53 to 4.568 Ga‚ according to isotope
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Food Chain: A sequence that links species by their feeding relationships. Herbivores: Organisms that only eat plants. Carnivores: Organisms that only eat animals. Omnivores: Organisms that eat both plants and animals. Detritivores: Organisms that eat detritus‚ or dead organic matter. Specialist: A consumer that primary eats one specific organism. Generalist: Consumer that has varying diet. Trophic levels: The levels of nourishment in a food chain. Food Web: Shows the network of feeding relationships
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Christopher Torres Environmental Studies Notes Chapter 1 Understanding Our Environment Atmosphere: Air Hydrosphere: Water (Ice-Cryosphere) Geosphere: Land Biosphere: Everywhere you find living thing Science: ”To know” A way of knowing following scientific methods that gives you higher chance of objective and accurate answers Basic Principles of Science Empiricism: Science is evidence based Uncertainty/Proof is elusive: Science can’t prove anything Can support hypothesis Scientific
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and largely selfregulating. By the most general biophysiological definition‚ the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships‚ including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere‚ geosphere‚ hydrosphere‚ and atmosphere. The biosphere is postulated to have evolved‚ beginning with a process of biopoesis (life created naturally from non-living matter such as simple organic compounds) or biogenesis (life created from living matter)‚ at
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