1. Define genotype and phenotype‚ and describe how they are related. Genotype is the genetic make-up‚ the inheritable information‚ which comprises an individual organism. It is the code that is copied in reproduction and is passed from 1 generation to the next. It serves as the main guide in the growth‚ development and maintenance of a living organism; it also controls the formation of certain proteins and regulation of metabolism and synthesis. Alleles are alternative forms of a gene and genotype
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1. For each genotype below‚ indicate whether it is a heterozygous (He) OR homozygous (Ho). TT Bb DD Ff tt dd Dd ff Tt bb BB FF 2. Determine the phenotype for each genotype using the information provided about SpongeBob. Yellow body color is dominant to blue. YY Yy yy Square shape is dominant to round. SS Ss ss 3. For each phenotype‚ give the genotypes
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arrangements of A‚ C‚ T‚ and G. 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? Genotype is a term that refers to a living organism’s genetic makeup‚ whereas phenotype refers to an organism’s actual physical traits. Being that genotype describes an organisms genetic characteristics‚ this would also mean that the genetic characteristics that makes up one’s genotype will also determine that individuals phenotype‚ or physical characteristics. Since genetics play a major role
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in media‚ and letting them cross breed‚ we analyzed and recorded the phenotypes that were observed. The P1 flies were anesthetized then sexed by observing their phenotypes and equally distributed into the media we made for their copulation. When a sufficient amount of progeny was present in the culture bottle the P1 generation was killed. After the progeny developed in the F1generation of the sex-linked cross the phenotypes were observed and recorded. After the F1 generation of the monohybrid
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blocks or letters. 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? The distinction between phenotype and genotype is fundamental to the understanding of heredity and development of organism. The genotype of an organism is the class to which that organism belongs as determined by the description of the actual physical material made up of DNA that was passed to the organisms by its parents at the organism’s conception. The phenotype of an organism is the class to which that organism
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predicted phenotype of lactase persistence or lactase non-persistence of all biology 225 lab students and compare their predicted phenotype to
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purple flowers one must have both C and P alleles present. Explanation: In genetics‚ epistasis is a phenomenon in which the expression of one gene depends on the presence of one or more "modifier genes." A gene whose phenotype is expressed is called epistatic‚ while one whose phenotype is altered or suppressed is calledhypostatic. Epistasis can be contrasted with dominance‚ which is an interaction between alleles at the same gene locus. Epistasis is often studied in relation to Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL)
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Theoretical genetics 4.3.1 Define genotype‚ phenotype‚ dominant allele‚ recessive allele‚ co-dominant alleles‚ locus‚ homozygous‚ heterozygous‚ carrier and test cross * Genotype- the alleles of an organism * Phenotype- the characteristics of an organism * Dominant allele- an allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is present in the homozygous or heterozygous state * Recessive allele- an allele that only has an effect on the phenotype when present in the homozygous
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This operation expresses our phenotype and affects our genotype. 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? The separation between phenotype and genotype is the knowledge and understanding of an organisms development and heredity. When we talk about the genotype of an organism‚ it just means the class to which that organism belongs. This is mainly determined by the material that is passed on to the organisms from its parents. The phenotype is the process of determining
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the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation. Answer: Genotypes: FF ¼‚ Ff ½‚ ff ¼ Phenotypes: Freckles ¾‚ No freckles ¼ Part 2: Dihybrid Cross—Predicting Flower Color and Seed Shape Imagine that you are crossing two plants that are heterozygous for flower color and seed shape. The dominant and recessive alleles for these traits are as follows: purple flowers: P white flowers: p round seeds: R wrinkled seeds: r (2 points) 1. Determine the genotype of each parent
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