Gas Laws Name Institution The 3 Gas Laws Introduction The three gas laws include: Gay-Lussac’s law‚ Boyle’s law and Charles’ law. When combined with Avogadro’s law the three laws can be generalized by the ideal gas law. Gases possess observable properties which include‚ mass‚ pressure (P)‚ thermodynamic temperature (T) and volume (V). These properties are related to each other and the state of a gas is determined by their values. The three laws are derived from these properties. Discussion
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Complete ALL problems under each heading in your packer. SHOW ALL WORK AND LABELS! Bolye’s Law Problems Example: If I have 5.6 liters of gas in a piston at a pressure of 1.5 atm and compress the gas until its volume is 4.8 L‚ what will the new pressure inside the piston be? • Read the problem and determine what is given and what is unknown? • Decide which law to use. • Substitute the values (given numbers) from the problem into the equation Given: P1 = 1.5 atm Unknown
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Boyle’s Law - Solutions 1) If I have 5.6 liters of gas in a piston at a pressure of 1.5 atm and compress the gas until its volume is 4.8 L‚ what will the new pressure inside the piston be? P1V1 = P2V2 (1.5 atm)(5.6 L) = (x)(4.8 L) x = 1.8 atm 2) I have added 15 L of air to a balloon at sea level (1.0 atm). If I take the balloon with me to Denver‚ where the air pressure is 0.85 atm‚ what will the new volume of the balloon be? P1V1 = P2V2 (1.0 atm)(15 L) = (0.85 atm)(x) x = 18
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Ideal Gas Law: The ideal gas law is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It obeys Boyle’s Law and Charles Law. Ideal Gas Law Formula : General Gas Equation: PV = nRT Pressure(P) = nRT / V Volume(V) = nRT / P Temperature(T) = PV / nR Moles of Gas(n) = PV / RT where‚ P = pressure‚ V = volume‚ n = moles of gas‚ T = temperature‚ R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1‚ ideal gas constant. Ideal Gas Law Example: Case 1: Find the volume from the 0.250 moles gas at 200kpa and 300K temperature
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Review Sheet for Gas laws Name ___________________________ 1. A gas at 2.3 atm occupies 12 liters. The volume is changed to 6 liters what is the resulting pressure? 2. A sample of gas is confined to 30ml at a pressure of 6 atmospheres. When the pressure is changed to 3liters‚ what is the resulting pressure? 3. A gas occupies 30 L. When the gas is heated from 50C to 100C‚ what is the final volume? 4. In a lab‚ Neon vapor occupied a volume of 1 liter at STP‚ the volume was changed to 4 liter
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Ch 10 Gas Laws Sample Questions 1) A sample of gas (24.2 g) initially at 4.00 atm was compressed from 8.00 L to 2.00 L at constant temperature. After the compression‚ the gas pressure was __________ atm. A) 4.00 B) 2.00 C) 1.00 D) 8.00 E) 16.0 2) A balloon originally had a volume of 4.39 L at 44 °C and a pressure of 729 torr. The balloon must be cooled to __________°C to reduce its volume to 3.78 L (at constant pressure). A) 38 B) 0 C) 72.9 D) 273 E) 546 3) If 50
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Gas Laws Gases exhibit many qualities that are very different from those of liquids or solids. Gases have particles that are farther apart when compared to liquids and solids. The particles in gases move at different speeds in random directions and they are constantly moving. These particles collide with each other and with whatever container or area they are in. Gases are also very easy to compress. They expand to fill their containers and they occupy far more space than the liquids and solids
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Name of the Experiment: Avogadro’s Law Type Your Name: Date: 11/17/13 Experiment 1 ________________________________________ 1. For each gas‚ record the following: Propane Butane Methane a Name and formula C3H8 C4H10 CH4 b Mass of 100 mL gas (g) 0.274g 0.361g 0.100g c Molecular weight of the gas (g/mole) 44.10g/mol 58.12g/mol 16.04g/mol d Number of moles in the 100 mL sample 0.0062mol 0.0062mol 0.0062mol Average of all 3 gases: (0.0062+0.0062+0.0062)
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of the Gas Law Constant Objectives In this experiment‚ we will determine the Ideal Gas Constant‚ R‚ which relates the number of moles of gas present to its volume‚ pressure and absolute temperature. Background To see how "R" was derived‚ we must look at the proportionalities defined by the other fundamental gas laws. For example‚ Charles’ Law showed us that the volume of a gas sample is proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure. Thus V ∝ T abs . In addition‚ Boyle’s Law states
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Gas Law Problems Boyles Law 1. A gas occupies 12.3 litres at a pressure of 40.0 mm Hg. What is the volume when the pressure is increased to 60.0 mm Hg? 2. If a gas at 25.0 °C occupies 3.60 litres at a pressure of 1.00 atm‚ what will be its volume at a pressure of 2.50 atm? 3. To what pressure must a gas be compressed in order to get into a 3.00 cubic foot tank the entire weight of a gas that occupies 400.0 cu. ft. at standard pressure? 4. A gas occupies 1.56 L at 1.00 atm. What will be the volume
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