morphine‚ heroin)‚ PCP (phencyclidine)‚ and Marijuana. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is used to test hair and urine samples of possible drug abusers or job applicants‚ and it is the best method for the testing of drug use. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry are two different methods for identifying chemical substances‚ and the two instruments have be coupled together to perform a highly complementary analytical function. The gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer have theories behind
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Data Collection and Processing Table 1: CuSO4 xH2O before heating is blue colored‚ solid with small crystal like particles While heating the blue color starts to fade After heating it is completely white – color has faded – and particles are smaller due to the stirring Calculations of Trial 1: Molar Mass of H2O = 2 x (1.01) + 16.00 = 18.02gmol1- How many moles of H2O evaporated Trial 1: 0.72g±0.04g/18.02gmol1- = 0.03995… ≈ 0.040mol±6.25% = 0.040mol±0.003mol Molar Mass of CuSO4
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CHEM 2204 Chromatography Lab by wyk.wong » Fri Jul 11‚ 2014 10:25 am Results and Calculations Rf values Rf=(Distance moved by the spot (cm))/(Distance moved by the solvent front (cm)) Toluene: Rf=2 cm/3.8 cm=0.53 (Fluorenone) Rf=1.1 cm/3.8 cm=0.29 (Fluorene) Hexane: Rf=1.8 cm/2.2 cm=0.82 (Fluorene) Rf=0 cm/2.2 cm=0 (Fluorene Table 1: Experimental IR peaks compared to literature IR peaks for fluorenone Functional group Experimental peak (cm-1) Literature peak (cm-1) C-H 3010.5 3013
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Gas Laws Lab Introduction: The four basic physical properties of a gas sample are pressure‚ volume‚ temperature‚ and number of moles. The volume simply indicates the volume of the container since a gas will take up all space available to it. The temperature indicates the average kinetic energy of the gas particles. For gases‚ the temperature must be converted to the Kelvin unit. The pressure of the gas indicates the number of collisions with each other and the wall of the container. The number
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to use Gas Chromatography to distinguish between two enantiomers of carvone from caraway oil and spearment oil and to find the 2 carvone’s optical activity as well as percent carvone in spearment and caraway oil. It was found that S-carvone had an optical activity of 0.0047 and R-carvone had an optical activity of 0.516 and that spearment oil is 59% carvone and caraway oil is 100% carvone. Backround: Gas Chromatography separates organic samples much in the same way as column chromatography. The only
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Separation Of A Dye Mixture Using Chromatography ********* AP Chemistry (3rd Block) Fauquier High School 8/ 31/ 13 ABSTRACT: The Rf values of seven known color dyes and three unknown samples were observed in order to compare results and discover the hidden identities of the three samples. Three solvents‚ H2O‚ Isopropyl alcohol‚ and a 2% NaCl solution‚ were introduced to the dotted chromatography strips to show three different ratios for each dye on
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Alkenes from Alcohols: Analysis of a Mixture by Gas Chromatography Aim: To analyze a mixture of alkenes by gas chromatography. Introduction: In this lab‚ we specifically used elimination reaction; however we only used the E1 reaction. In the presence of strong acids‚ alcohols protonate to form a good leaving group‚ namely water. Upon loss of a proton to a good leaving group‚ an introduction of unsaturation (a double bond) can be preformed. According to Wikipedia‚ an E2 reaction is typically
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Chromatography – Analyzing Analgesics by TLC and Isolation of β-Carotene by Column Chromatography Introduction/Background: Flavonoids are an important group of additives that can be defined as pure substances either natural‚ extracted from raw materials or synthetic. Chromatography is the separation of two or more compounds or ions caused by their molecular interactions with two phases – one moving and one stationary (Weldegirma 2012). Three types of chromatography are used
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Chromatography (Greek for ‘colour writing’) is used to describe various methods applied to separate mixtures (referred to as the sample of the experiment) with great accuracy to analyze them. By using chromatography we can manipulate these to move at different speeds through the system‚ thus separating them. Chromatography is necessary in chemical industries‚ as well as bio processing companies. Chromatography can be: 1. analytical: used to measure ratios of analytes(substance in simpler forms)
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Chromatography: How can we separate a mixture? Purpose The chromatography lab is to understand how molecules with similar molecular properties can be separated with paper chromatography. These differences will be interpreted to see the distinction of separate chemical substances. Pre Lab Questions 1. Explain capillary action as it pertains to water and paper. Capillary action makes water draw up the paper. As paper absorbs water mixes with the solutions in the paper. 2. What is the
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