An acid is a substance with particular chemical properties including turning litmus paper red‚ neutralizing alkalis‚ and dissolving some metals. It can be corrosive or it can be sour liquid of this kind. Acids are also all around us in everyday life‚ for example‚ carbon dioxide gas dissolves in rain to form carbonic acid (a weak acid). We find acids in many foods‚ such as ethanoic acid in vinegar. These acids are not hazardous. Some acids‚ which are found in the laboratory a car battery are too dangerous
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of the amount of unknown acid X measured in grams (±0.001g) Table 2: Table of reading of the burette initially filled with 25mL of 0.201moldm-3 sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to titrate 25mL (±0.03mL) of unknown acid X in mL (±0.05mL) after each titre. Reading on the burette initially filled with 25mL of 0.201moldm-3 NaOH (±0.05mL) First titre 21.3 Second titre 18.2 Third titre 15.2 Fourth titre 12.0 Qualitative data Observations: When dissolving the acid X in the water‚ most of it
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to neutralise the acid‚ the number of moles of HCl neutralized by the ant-acid would be greater. For example; by using mole ratio‚ the number of moles of HCl reacted with the NaOH is 0.00216 moles (1 tablet of Quick-eze). The number of moles of HCl that were neutralized by Quick-eze was 0.00284 moles. Nevertheless‚ 0.00173 moles of HCl neutralized by Gaviscon. This explains that the excess amount (no of moles) of HCl was greater‚ which reacted with the NaOH. Quick-eze (ant-acid)
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Acids Bases and pH Scale I. Acids *Acids are ionic compounds ( a compound with a positive or negative charge) that break apart in water to form a hydrogen ion (H+). *The strength of an acid is based on the concentration of H+ ions in the solution. The more H+ the stronger the acid. Example: HCl (Hydrochloric acid) in water Characteristics of Acids: **Acids taste sour **Acids react strongly with metals (Zn + HCl) **Strong Acids are dangerous and can burn your skin
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reactions to remember: Acid reactions: acid + base salt + water acid + metal salt + hydrogen gas acid + carbonate carbon dioxide gas + salt + water Formation of hydronium: H+ + H2O H3O+ Reactions of various oxides with water: Non-metal (acidic) oxides: CO2 (g) + H2O (l) H2CO3 (aq) (carbonic acid) SO2 (g) + H2O (l) H2SO3 (aq) (sulfurous acid) 2NO2 (g) + H2O (l) HNO3 (aq) + HNO2 (aq) (nitric and nitrous acid) P2O5 (g) + H2O (l) 2H3PO4 (aq) (phosphoric acid) Metal (basic) oxides:
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4. 5. carbon monoxide carbon dioxide carbon tetrachloride dinitrogen monoxide dinitrogen pentafluoride N O N F III. Binary Acids • contain hydrogen and a nonmetallic element • are an aqueous solution of the pure compound • have prefix hydro‚ suffix ic 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. hydroiodic acid hydrobromic acid hydrochloric acid hydrofluoric acid hydrocyanic acid HI(aq) HBr(aq) HCl(aq) HF(aq)
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was conducted in order to determine the chemical composition of an unknown organic acid. A known mass of acid was dissolved into 30mL of either water or methanol (depending on solubility) and titrated with standardized sodium hydroxide. Data from this allowed the molar mass of the acid to be calculated if it was either monoprotic or diprotic. Titration Table: |Trail |Acid Used (mg) |Concentration of base |Volume of base (mL)
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Lime scale form when hot water is heated about 61’C. All the acids listed about remove lime scale because the ions in the acids react with the calcium ions in limescale to then form a soluble salt. The acids also react with the carbonates in lime scale to produce water and carbon dioxide. Then the whole solution washes out taking away as much lime scale and possible. Sulfamic acid The advantages of using sulfamic acid as a de-scaler are that it is the faster de-scaler which means it can give
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Sandeep Voleti- Period 4/5 Honors Chemistry Titration Lab Writeup Introduction Titration is a method‚ which is meant to find the concentration of either an acid or a base by adding a measured amount of it to a known volume and concentration of an acid or base1. Titration starts with a beaker or Erlenmeyer flask containing a very precise volume of the known concentration solution and a small amount of indicator‚ which is put underneath a burette containing the solution with unknown concentration1
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CITRIC ACID IN A SOFT DRINK USING ACID/BASE TITRATION Copyright: Department of Chemistry‚ University of Idaho‚ Moscow‚ ID 83844-2343; 2007. INTRODUCTION The acid content of many foods and beverages contributes significantly to their taste. Soft drinks often contain varying quantities of several acids‚ which give sodas their tart flavor. In cola products‚ these acids are predominantly carbonic acid (from the carbonated water) and phosphoric acid. In sodas such as Squirt and 7-Up‚ the acids are
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