Course/Yr. : BS Chemistry III Sched : MF 7-10‚ Group#2 Experiment No. 1 Synthesis and Reactivity of Tert-Butyl Chloride I. Objectives : 1. To produce tert-butyl chloride from tert-butyl alcohol 2. To understand the SN1 and SN2 mechanism involved in the reaction 3. To determine the yield of percentage of t-butyl chloride II. Introduction An alkyl halide is a derivative of alkanes. Alkanes are hydrocarbons with a functional group C-C. The hydrogen atom is then replaced by a halogen
Premium Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen Chlorine
of the recession in 1990‚ the luxury market took a hit and Mercedes-Benz struggled with cost efficiency‚ product development‚ material purchasing‚ and problem in adapting changes. A modular construction process was used to produce the AAV. Functional groups with representatives from different areas like marketing‚ development‚ engineering‚ purchasing‚ production‚ and controlling were used to design the vehicle and production system. From the concept development to production commencement‚ it only
Premium Costs Cost Functional group
itself and hydrogen to form both chains and rings called hydrocarbons. Because the covalent bond between carbon and hydrogen is nonpolar‚ these carbon skeletons are hydrophobic. Functional groups can be added to carbon skeletons to make them more hydrophilic. Differences in the carbon skeleton and attached functional groups cause organic molecules to have different chemical properties. The chemical properties of a molecule determine how it interacts with other molecules and the
Premium Benzene Hydrocarbon Carbon
wintergreen oil. The difference in structures between methyl salicylate and salicylic acid is a single functional group. In methyl salicylate the benzene ring is substituted by two functional groups‚ a hydroxyl group (-OH) and an ester group (-COOCH3). In salicylic acid the ester group is replaced by a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). The process that causes the ester group to be replaced by a carboxylic acid group is an example of ester hydrolysis under strongly basic conditions. The following is a mechanism
Premium Functional group Carboxylic acid Alcohol
measure the field diameter using a micrometer. Be able to predict (estimate) the length of objects in the field of view using that knowledge. 4. Be able to identify all the functional groups that you built in lab. Be ready to identify the models‚ name the functional group‚ and the molecular/scientific formula (ie. Methyl group‚ - CH3) 5. Be able to identify all the organic and inorganic molecules that you built in lab. Be ready to identify the models‚ name the molecule‚ and the molecular/scientific
Premium Scientific method Functional groups Chemistry
on the carbenoid is greatly influenced by the nature of the groups attached to the carbene (Figure 3): electron withdrawing acceptor groups act to decrease electron density‚ which increases reactivity‚ while electron donating donor groups serve to increase electron density which stabilises the structure and raises chemoselectivity. Figure
Premium Hydrogen Nitrogen Alcohol
Synthesis of Phenols You can prepare phenols in large quantities by the pyrolysis of the sodium salt of benzene sulfonic acid‚ by the Dow process‚ and by the air oxidation of cumene. Each of these processes is described below. You can also prepare small amounts of phenol by the peroxide oxidation of phenylboronic acid and the hydrolysis of diazonium salts. Pyrolysis of sodium benzene sulfonate In this process‚ benzene sulfonic acid is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The resulting salt
Premium Oxygen Sodium hydroxide Alcohol
Figure 1 depicts an IR spectrum for the product synthesized. An IR spectrum demonstrates peaks for specific functional groups‚ which are present in the final purified product. Table 2 is a representation of important peaks in Figure 1 and demonstrates there was a peak present in the IR spectrums wavelength at 1738 cm^(-1). This peak ultimately depicts a carbonyl group based off of an carbonyl group’s wavelength ranging from 1750-1705 cm^(-1). According to Webbook.nist‚ the literature IR
Premium Carbonyl Organic chemistry Hydrogen chloride
consist of a primary long-chain backbone molecule with attached side groups. The preparation of polyurethanes is a process of polymerisation whereby a diisocyanate and a dihydroxyl compound react together. Polyurethanes by definition are linear polymers that have a molecular backbone containing carbamate groups (-NHCO2). These groups‚ called urethane‚ are produced through a direct chemical reaction between functional groups of a diisocyanate and a Polyol. First developed in late 1930s‚ polyurethanes
Premium Polyurethane Functional group
and nitrogen may attach to the carbon backbone to form reactive “clusters of atoms” called functional groups • These functional groups possess chemical properties that are passed on to the hydrocarbon chain that they are attached to. They are also considered much more reactive than the hydrocarbon chain they are attached to. • Refer to Figure 4 on pg. 26 • The hydroxyl group (-OH) and the carboxyl group (-COOH) are polar which help to make sugars and alcohols highly soluble in water • Amines
Premium Amino acid Metabolism Alcohol