Part 1: INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR 1. Introduction: what is grammar? phonology lexicology(lexicology + lexicography (voc)) phonetics syntax morphology pragmatics 2. Levels of Grammatical Analysis 390080512128525863551212850 2.1 Discourse(text level) consists ofimmediate constituent of shows cohesion cohesion can take form of ellipsis 2.2 Sentence(zin) 2.3 Clause(deelzin) main clause (can be textually dependent) subclause = subordinate clause (structurally dependent) with subordinating
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FUNCTIONAL IMPERATIVES Within society is the essence of established institutionalized foundations‚ but not limited to specific associations such as prisons or schools. An institution is much wider in its comprehensiveness and bearing than an individual or organization. Categorized as social behaviour‚ institutions channel practices in the crucial areas of social life. “Institutions provide procedures through which human conduct is patterned‚ compelled to go‚ in grooves deemed desirable
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SECTION A: Function If the function is making suggestions‚ we can use the following structures: - Let’s have a party. - Why don’t we have a party? - How about having a party? - We could have a party. These utterances are all exponents of the function of suggesting. If our function is speculation‚ we can say: - If Macbeth hadn’t listened to the witches‚ he wouldn’t have murdered the king. - I think there’ll be a revolution in Egypt in the next ten years. - I reckon that before
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Placement Self Assessment Assignment This essay is a reflection of my journey during placement. The essay will allow me to reflect on my learning outcomes‚ development and contributions l made during the placement. According to Reid (1993‚ p.3)‚ “Reflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe‚ analyze‚ evaluate and so inform learning about practice”. Furthermore Nash (1999) explains that deep thoughts are involved in the process of reflection‚ both looking
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Language processing considerations have often been used to explain aspects of language structure and evolution. According to Bates and MacWhinney‚ this view "is a kind of linguistic Darwinism‚ an argument that languages look the way they do for functional or adaptive reasons". However‚ as in adaptationist accounts of biological structures and evolution‚ this approach can lead to the creation of "just so" stories. In order to avoid these problems‚ case-by-case analyses must be replaced by statistical
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Interview Name of Student Name of Institution Functional assessment of an elderly man at home Introduction According to NHS (2011)‚ elderly people who have attained the age of 65 years and above usually spend an average of 10 hours and above daily sitting or lying down‚ making them the most sedentary group of people. Due to this apparent inactivity among the elderly‚ they are more prone to accidental falls‚ obesity‚ cardiovascular accidents‚ heart conditions and sudden death
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EDT101G EXAM Oct/Nov 2011 QUESTION 1 a) – All intake organisms follow the same series of phases‚ or stages‚ in their development (eg: all physically normal children manifest the three phases of sitting‚ walking and running in their development) Each phase is qualitatively (or structurally) unique and different from the other phases. (walking differs qualitatively from sitting‚ and running differs qualitatively from walking) The phases represent a logical progression in development in that each
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FUNCTIONAL IMPLEMENTATION Functional plans and policies are the sole responsibilities of the managers and they are responsible for the implementation of plan and policies to be adopted by the organization. And strategist needs to direct them properly to achieve the set goal. Functional strategies are the same as functional plans and policies‚ which are the actual plans to implement organizations strategies. Therefore functional plans and policies are operational plan and tactics to make a strategy
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Word-formation in English by Ingo Plag Universität Siegen in press Cambridge University Press Series ‘Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics’ Draft version of September 27‚ 2002 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1. Basic concepts 1.1. What is a word? 4 4 1.2. Studying word-formation 12 1.3. Inflection and derivation 18 1.4. Summary 23 Further reading 23 Exercises 24 2. Studying
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MORPHOLOGY – STATE EXAM QUESTIONS: 1) Classification of English and Slovak as language types; varieties of English; criteria‚ varieties in grammar; national standards of English; grammatical differences between British and American English 2) Word classes and conversion 3) Morphological elements (morphemes‚ morphs‚ allomorphs‚ words) and syntactic elements (sentences‚ clauses‚ phrases); obligatory and optional synstactic elements 4) Phrases and their composition (phrase elements);
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