The first supreme court case that impacted fair use was Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios‚ Inc.‚ 464 U.S. 417 (1984). In Sony Corp. of America‚ owners of copyrights on television programs brought infringement actions against manufacturers of home videotape recorders. The Court argued that the situations in which fair use most commonly recognized are found in the statute itself; when a work is used “for purposes such as criticism‚ comment‚ news reporting‚ teaching‚ ... scholarship‚ or
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Copyright and Fair Use Laws Effects of Copyright and Fair Use on Educators Melissa Osuna National University “The power of technology is a two-edged sword…” (Roblyer & Doering‚ 2010‚ p.20)‚ with an infinite amount of easy-access resources available online‚ copyright and fair use laws or more important that ever. The availability of online periodicals‚ full-texts and others resources is increasing drastically‚ and its imperative to make sure teachers
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Moving towards Fair Value Accounting In the past‚ historical cost measures were mainly used for reporting as they are reliable. However‚ historical cost is only relevant upon acquiring the asset and becomes irrelevant as time passes. On the other hand‚ fair value-based reporting‚ which accounts for changes in fair values‚ can produce balance sheet figures that provide a better reflection of the company’s value. This is also why accounting bodies are moving towards fair value accounting (FVA). One
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1 The Fairness of Fair Value: SFAS 157‚ Irving Fisher and GECON Paulo Roberto B. Lustosa Professor ‚ University of Brasilia Abstract Fair value measurement is increasingly spreading in accounting standards. In February/2010‚ it was present in 61 FASB pronouncements. Such diffusion led to the issuance of SFAS 157 Fair Value Measurements‚ in which many prior definitions and measurement requirements‚ presented in other pronouncements‚ were replaced by a single standard on this subject. But the expansion
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Fair Trade Letter Fair Trade is a trading partnership‚ based on dialogue‚ transparency and respect‚ that seeks greater equity in international trade. It contributes to sustainable development by offering better trading conditions to‚ and securing the rights of‚ marginalized producers and workers – especially in the South. It provides a living wage. That is a wage high enough to provide the basics in that community. It ensures that the farmer gets decent working conditions‚ that children cannot
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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT 1. The meaning of fair value Fair value is the price that would be received from the sell of an asset or will be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the market participants and the measurement date [IFRS‚ 13 – A501]. However in accounting and economics‚ fair value is the rational and unbiased estimate of a possible market price of a good‚ service or an asset. Fair value takes into account many objectives and subjective factors such as: Objective
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Abstract Recently‚ fair value accounting suffers heated debate because the financial crisis. The purpose of this article is to evaluate and understand fair value both in literature analysis and practice. This paper emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of the fair value measurement. Proponents believe that fair value can provide timely information that reflects current financial market conditions‚ and information supplied is reliable. On the other hand‚ critics argue that fair value accounting
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Fair Trade Coffee: Ethics‚ Religion‚ and Sustainable Production Global Marketing Management International Summer University 2010- WU‚ Wien Table of Contents Introduction 3 Problem Statement 3 The Fair Trade vision 3 Background: The Fair Trade Foundation 4 Background: Fair Trade Labeling Organization International 4 Fair Trade Mark 4 Fair Trade Pricing 5 The Fair Trade Premium 5 Question 1. Why should Starbucks‚ Kraft‚ and Nestle create ‘ethical supply chains’? 6 Question
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Contents Introduction Fair Value Background Advantages of Fair Value Disadvantages of Fair Value The debate on Financial Stability Conclusion References Introduction Society’s major concern is the recent financial crisis which had an unprecedented impact and dire consequences on the global economy and the current economic regulations around the world. The beginning of the economic paradigm change was the major collapse of previously leading financial
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Accounting Association DOI: 10.2308/accr-10134 Judging the Relevance of Fair Value for Financial Instruments Lisa Koonce The University of Texas at Austin Karen K. Nelson Rice University Catherine M. Shakespeare University of Michigan ABSTRACT: We conduct three experiments to test if investors’ views about fair value are contingent on whether the financial instrument in question is an asset or liability‚ whether fair values produce gains or losses‚ and whether the item will or will not be
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