Transition Metals 1a) The d-orbitals of a free transition metal atom or ion are degenerate (all have the same energy.) However‚ when transition metals form coordination complexes‚ the d-orbitals of the metal interact with the electron cloud of the ligands in such a manner that the d-orbitals become non-degenerate (not all having the same energy.) The way in which the orbitals are split into different energy levels is dependent on the geometry of the complex. Crystal field theory can be used to predict
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Resources‚ Conservation and Recycling 21 (1997) 145–173 Metals recycling: economic and environmental implications Robert U. Ayres * INSEAD‚ Boule6ard de Constance‚ F-77305‚ Fontainebleau‚ France Received 17 July 1997; accepted 27 July 1997 Abstract We are in a period of economic transition. The ‘cowboy economy’ of the past is obsolescent‚ if not obsolete. Environmental services are no longer free goods‚ and this fact is driving major changes. Recycling is the wave of the (immediate) future
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Full body scan-research paper The 9/11 attack‚ the shoe bomber‚ and the Christmas day bomber (underwear bomber) are all examples of terrorism. These kinds of attacks have caused worldwide fear. As a result‚ governments have implemented safety regulations. One of these safety items is the new body scanner in airports. Random passengers are selected to go through the scanner. It detects contraband carried by people. Body scanners are a necessary safety requirement that all
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Study of Gold metal Date: 14/01/2013 Submitted to: Dr Sami Habib Submitted by: Jamil Mahfoud (A1010659) I- General introduction about metals: a- Historical background Back to 6000 BC‚ process metallurgy is known as one of the oldest applied sciences. Despite that the form of metals was very basic but it has a big impact on the society because of its wide uses especially as tools for agriculture or hunting and even as artistic styles later on. There are 86 known metals so far that were
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Alkali Metals Introduction Alkali metals refer to six elements belonging to the Group IA of the long form of the Modern Periodic Table‚ viz. Lithium (Li)‚ Sodium (Na)‚ Potassium (K)‚ Rubidium (Rb)‚ Cesium (Cs) and Francium (Fr). Fr is a radioactive element. These elements are called so because they form strongly alkaline oxides and hydroxides. Electronic Configuration of Alkali Metals Each of the alkali metals has one electron in their outermost (valence) shell‚ which is just outside an inert
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EXTRACTION OF METALS SUMMARY Most metals exist in compounds in rocks in the Earth’s crust. Many of these ores contain oxides or sulphides of the metals. The compounds need to be reduced to produce the metals as elements. Metals are very useful to us because of their special properties. Reduction means removal of oxygen or gain of electrons. Carbon is a good chemical reducing agent because it readily combines with oxygen‚ but it is only useful for the metals below it in the Reactivity
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------------------------------------------------- Maria Full of Grace – Essay Sample Maria Full of Grace is a Latin film that depicts a way life that many of us have been sheltered from knowing exists. Exploring Latin culture in film in depth provides its viewers an understanding of a different way of life. Regardless of the viewer‚ this movie is a brilliant expression of the battles that consumes people and a way to educate its viewers on the realism of everyday life in Columbia. The story
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Lab #3 Separating Metal Cations by Paper Chromatography Introduction/Purpose: In chemistry‚ it is important to effectively analyze the components in a given mixture. In order to do so‚ chemists will analyze a mixture either qualitatively or quantitatively using different methods and equipment. Qualitative analyses are subjective‚ and only gather “non-numerical” data such as the color‚ appearance‚ and smell of the components. This data
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PROJECT REPORT ON SUMMER INTERNSHIP IN NALCO [pic] NAME:- KIRAN BALA SAHU ROLL NO.:- MBA-12-024 [pic] ACKNOWLEGDEMENT I take this opportunity to express my deep gratitude to all the employees of Smelter Plant‚ Nalco‚ Angul. Also I am indebted for the rich guidance‚ knowledge and suggestions provided by my faculty guide Prof. JyotirmayeeAcharya and Dr. BadalRath. I am grateful to Mr.A.K.Ray( Manager (HRD) ) for his
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Metal fabrication is the building of metal structures by cutting‚ bending‚ and assembling processes: Cutting is done by sawing‚ shearing‚ or chiseling (all with manual and powered variants); torching with hand-held torches (such as oxy-fuel torches or plasma torches); and via numerical control (CNC) cutters (using a laser‚ mill bits‚ torch‚ or water jet). Bending is done by hammering (manual or powered) or via press brakes and similar tools. Modern metal fabricators utilize press brakes to either
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