Financial Risk Management‚ FIN3FRM Semester 2‚ 2012 Assignment 1 Q.1 An investor enters into a short forward contract to sell 100‚000 British pounds for U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of 1.9000 U.S. dollars per pound. How much does the investor gain or lose if the exchange rate at the end of the contract is (a) 1.8900 and (b) 1.9200? (2 points) Solutions: a) The investor as part of obligation for selling pounds‚ because of his obligation to
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enter into a short futures contract to sell July silver for $17.20 per ounce. The size of the contract is 5‚000 ounces. The initial margin is $4‚000‚ and the maintenance margin is $3‚000. What change in the futures price will lead to a margin call? What happens if you do not meet the margin call? Problem 5.2. What is the difference between the forward price and the value of a forward contract? Problem 5.3. Suppose that you enter into a six-month forward contract on a non-dividend-paying stock
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Mechanics of FX Forwards Screening Process Financial institutions screen potential buyers of FX forward contracts to protect themselves from counterparty default risk. Different institutions have different screening methods‚ but all methods try to measure the creditworthiness of the client. This involves analysis of the potential client’s current and historical financial position and credit history. It is worth noting that financial institutions often already have an ongoing relationship with
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Distinguish between futures and forward contract Futures contract A futures contract is a contractual agreement‚ generally made on the trading floor of a futures exchange‚ to buy or sell a particular commodity or financial instrument at a pre-determined price in the future. Futures contracts feature the quality and quantity of the underlying asset‚ they are standardized to facilitate trading on a futures exchange. Some futures contracts may call for physical delivery of the asset‚ while others
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Commodity Forwards: with some focus on crude oil 6-1 Same concept applies… • In general‚ commodity forward prices can be found using the same economic principles used for financial forward prices: F0‚T = S0 e (r − δ )T but the details will be different 6-2 Dirty details • For financial assets‚ δ is the dividend yield • For commodities‚ δ is the commodity lease rate The lease rate is the return that makes an investor willing to buy and lend a commodity • Some commodities
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To what extent does a currency forward contract need to play a formal role in multinational companies? A globalisation has risen over the last 20 years. Because of this factor‚ international markets have increased rapidly‚ therefore a large number of companies have been particularly interested in global operatings‚ such as‚ export trade‚ import trade‚ overseas sales (Moosa‚ 2003). A subsequent significant trouble looming large for
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Journal of Macroeconomics 25 (2003) 109–122 www.elsevier.com/locate/econbase Forward premiums and market efficiency: Panel unit-root evidence from the term structure of forward premiums John Barkoulas a‚b‚ Christopher F. Baum Atreya Chakraborty d a c c‚* ‚ Department of Economics‚ The University of Tennessee‚ Knoxville‚ TN 37996‚ USA b Athens Laboratory of Business Administration‚ Vouliagmeni‚ Greece Department of Economics‚ Boston College‚ 140 Commonwealth Avenue‚ Chestnut Hill‚ MA 02467-3806
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Franc is that 1.15 SF is equal to 1 US $‚ and the annual interest rate on fixed rate one-year deposits of SF is 1.5% and for US$ is 2.5%‚ what is nine-month forward rate for one dollar in terms of SFs? Assuming the same interest rates‚ what is the 18-month forward rate for one SF in US$s? Is this an indirect or a direct rate? If the forward rate is an accurate predictor of exchange rates‚ in this case will the SF get stronger or weaker against the dollar? What does this indicate about the market’s
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Pay It Forward (film) Pay It Forward is a 2000 American drama film based on the novel of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde. It was directed byMimi Leder and written by Leslie Dixon. It stars Haley Joel Osment as a boy who launches a good-will movement‚ Helen Hunt as his single mother‚ and Kevin Spacey as his social-studies teacher. Plot When eleven and a half year old Trevor McKinney (Haley Joel Osment) begins seventh grade in Las Vegas‚ Nevada‚ his social studies teacher Eugene Simonet (Kevin
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Write an essay on the forward Currency Exchange Market explaining in detail why such a market exists and how it operates; its dealers its buyers‚ the purposes for which the foreign currency is used. In your answer refer to the forward and futures market instruments explaining how the current exchange rates are affected by movements in these market prices. Use a website to collect information on the forward rate between the US $ and the Euro. Explain what factors have influenced their movement over
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In finance‚ a non-deliverable forward (NDF) is an outright forward or futures contract in which counterparties settle the difference between the contracted NDF price or rate and the prevailing spot price or rate on an agreed notional amount. It is used in various markets such as foreign exchange and commodities. NDFs are prevalent in some countries where forward FX trading has been banned by the government (usually as a means to prevent exchange rate volatility Market The NDF market is an over-the-counter
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Introduction For this book report I chose to read the novel "Pay It Forward" by Catherine Ryan Hyde. I have heard a lot about this book after it first came out‚ and when the movie that was based upon this back came out I decided to read it. The book is fictional‚ however it deals with the grim every day reality of the current North American life. The story happens in a typical rural American town‚ at our time. The main characters are: Trevor‚ a young boy‚ his mother Arlene and his handicap teacher
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world into something better. He does not expect much -- maybe a clean-up of some graffiti. But Trevor decides to do three important favors for people who need them. Then‚ instead of allowing them to pay it back‚ he will ask each of them to "pay it forward‚" doing three favors for other people‚ and asking them to do the same. One of Trevor’s favors is to bring his mom Arlene and Eugene together‚ though it turns out that it is not just to make them happier. Arlene and Eugene put all of their effort into
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In Malaysia‚ Forward Ijarah is practiced by a few Islamic Banks only as there are at least two financial institutions that currently offer forward Ijarah‚ either as a standalone product on it is own or as a hybrid along with other products. 1. Forward Ijarah for House Financing – stand alone basis It is a product offered for purposes of home financing where the property financed is not completed yet or still under construction. As the usufruct is not available due to non-completion of property‚ the
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1.0 Contracts and its Elements 1.1 Essentials of a Contract Contracts form part of our daily life e.g. lease of house‚ sale/purchase of cars‚ etc. However‚ there are elements essential to form a contract. These are: 1.1.1 Offer/Invitation MacMillan & Stone (2004) described offer as “an expression of willingness to contract on certain terms. It must be made with the intention that it will become binding upon acceptance. There must be no further negotiations or discussions required.” This can be
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A contract -is a legal agreement that occurs between two or more parties. It can be a written or spoken agreement that can concern employment‚ sales‚ or tenancy. Parties or members involved‚ enter voluntarily into this agreement. Every contracts involve two persons they are the: Offeror and Offeree. The offeror is the one who offers to enter into a contract and the Offeree is the one to whom the contract is being offered Elements of a contract: Agreement‚ Lawful object‚ consideration and contractual
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CONTRACTS CONTRACT a meeting of minds between 2 persons whereby one binds himself‚ with respect to the other‚ to give something or to render some service (ARTICLE 1305) GENERAL PROVISIONS (Arts. 1305-1317) Distinguish an ordinary Contract: a.) from a Contract of marriage b.) from an obligation c.) from an imperfect promise d.) from a pact e.) from a stipulation a.) from a Contract of marriage ORDINARY CONTRACT 1. The parties may be 2 or more persons of same or different genders
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Q&A 2 Certainty of terms and intention Introduction Contractual certainty If businessmen are often not overly-concerned with the niceties of offer and acceptance it follows that their contracts may not be all-embracing and complete in every respect. The parties may have reached an agreement in principle and then prefer to rely on experience from previous dealings‚ business practice and goodwill. The law’s overall policy is to uphold bargains wherever possible and although businessmen tend to
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1 The three year zero rate is 7% per annum and the four year zero rate is 7.5% pa (both continuously compounded). What is the one year (continuously compounded) forward rate starting in three years’ time? (2 marks) With the formula with continuously compounded‚ = =0.09 =9% The one year forward rate starting in three years’ time is 9% 1. The zero rate curve is flat at 6% pa with semi-annual compounding. What is the value of a FRA where the holder receives interest at the rate of 8% per annum
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CONTRACTS Stages in the life of a contract: 1. Preparation/Generation 2. Perfection/Birth 3. Consummation/Death Characteristics of Contracts: (ROMA) 1. Relativity (Art. 1311) 2. Obligatoriness & Consensuality (Art. 1315) 3. Mutuality (Art. 1308) 4. Autonomy (Art. 1306) Stipulation pour Autrui - stipulation in favor of a 3rd party. Requisites: 1. The stipulation must be part‚ not whole of the contract; 2. the contracting parties must have clearly and deliberately conferred
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