Intravenous Fluid Selection LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this chapter‚ you should be able to: Describe and differentiate colloid and crystalloid IV fluids Understand osmosis as it pertains to water movement with IV therapy Define tonicity and the actions of isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ and hypertonic crystalloids in the body Identify the three most common IV solutions used in the prehospital setting‚ and classify them as isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ or hypertonic Describe how an IV fluid is packaged and
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CEIC2001 – Fluid Mechanics Notes Fluid – A substance which is capable of flowing. A fluid is also a substance which has no permanent resistance to change in shape i.e. a solid can resist a shear stress‚ τ by static deflection; a fluid cannot‚ any shear stress applied to a fluid will result in the motion of that fluid for as long as the shear stress is applied. τ=FA Where F = force which is tangent to a surface (shear force)‚ A = area of moving plate in which shear force is applied to. Velocity
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Liquid fuels such as gasoline‚ diesel‚ fuel oil light‚ fuel oil heavy or kerosene have to be atomized and well mixed with the combustion air before burned. Therefor nozzles are used. Nozzles are divided into two groups: Pressure atomizers and twin-fluid atomizers. 5.1.1 Pressure atomizers Pressure atomizers are differed into turbulence nozzles and liquid sheet nozzles. At both types of nozzles the energy from the liquid pressure is converted into kinetic energy and a small part of it into forming
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Basics of Fluid Mechanics Genick Bar–Meir‚ Ph. D. 2729 West Jarvis Ave Chicago‚ IL 60645-1335 email:barmeir at gmail.com Copyright © 2010‚ 2009‚ 2008‚ 2007‚ and 2006 by Genick Bar-Meir See the file copying.fdl or copyright.tex for copying conditions. Version (0.2.4 March 2‚ 2010) ‘We are like dwarfs sitting on the shoulders of giants” from The Metalogicon by John in 1159 CONTENTS Nomenclature GNU Free Documentation License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
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Examining areas of the history of ancient Israel‚ one can see how the influence of the Mosaic covenant is seen “as a legalistic covenant‚ in which you are saved by keeping the laws” (Shepherd‚ 2000)‚ and the Decalogue dictated the boundaries God was setting for His Nation‚ where there is no room for doubt or defiance being tolerated. The literary theme from the Pentateuch emerges in the writings of Isaiah‚ Micah and Jeremiah as prophetical books which were written relating to the spiritual issues
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patient with a fluid or electrolyte imbalance for falls‚ especially older adults. 2 Use safety precautions to prevent injury or death when administering parenteral potassium-containing solutions. 3 Supervise the oral fluid therapy and intake and output measurement aspects of care delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel. Health Promotion and Maintenance 4 Teach healthy adults and patients how to prevent dehydration. 5 Assess patients for factors that increase the risk for fluid and electrolyte
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interstitial fluid‚ and intracellular fluid are identical‚ but the quantity of each substance varies among the compartments. The most striking differences are the low protein content in interstitial fluid compared with intracellular fluid and plasma and the fact that sodium and chloride ions are largely extracellular‚ whereas most of the potassium ions (approximately 90%) are intracellular. This unequal distribution of ions results in a voltage difference across cell membranes. Extracellular fluid can be
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1 4 1 1. Basic Concepts of Fluid Flow 6 7 o 3 4 ‚9 ‚9 ’0 ’3 ’3 :1 ’‚8 16 17 19 10 15 15 17 )9 !1 1.1 Introduction Fluids are substances whose molecular structure offers no resistance to external shear forces: even the smallest force causes deformation of a fluid particle. Although a significant distinction exists between liquids and gases‚ both types of fluids obey the same laws of motion. In most cases of interest‚ a fluid can be regarded as continuum‚ i
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FALL 2012 ME 305 FLUID MECHANICS I EXPERIMENT 1 MEASUREMENT OF FLUID PROPERTIES PREPARATION: In this course‚ you will conduct the experiments at the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory‚ by yourselves‚ without any help or instruction from the teaching assistants. You must read the lab sheet thoroughly and understand what you are expected to do (and why) for each experiment‚ before coming to the lab. At the end of each experiment‚ you will have to do certain calculations‚ present and plot (when asked)
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Fluid Catalytic Cracking Fluid catalytic cracking* (FCC) is the most important conversion process used in petroleum refineries. It is widely used to convert the high-boiling hydrocarbonfractions of petroleum crude oils into more valuable [1][2][3] gasoline‚ olefinic gases and other products. . Cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons for conversion of heavy fractions into lighter fractions was originally done by thermal cracking which has been almost completely replaced by catalytic cracking because
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