Interpreting Financial Results FIN/571 July 22‚ 2013 Interpreting Financial Results Liquidity: Current Ratio Parrino‚ Kidwell‚ & Bates (2012) detail the current ratio as current assets divided by liabilities. The current ratio identifies a firm’s potential to pay short-term liabilities; higher liquidity is a good sign for potential creditors (Parrino et al.‚ 2012). At the same time‚ however‚ the current ratio should not greatly exceed benchmarks of other competitors (Parrino et al.‚ 2012)
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GROUP 1 REPORT FINANCIAL RATIOS Financial ratios are useful indicators of a firm’s performance and financial situation. Most ratios can be calculated from information provided by the financial statements. Financial ratios can be used to analyze trends and to compare the firm’s financials to those of other firms. In some cases‚ ratio analysis can predict future bankruptcy. SOURCES OF DATA FOR FINANCIAL RATIOS Balance Sheet Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows Statement of Retained
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a good indicator of the cost of using those buildings and equipment? Compare that situation to a company with new buildings and equipment where there will be large amounts of depreciation expense. The remainder of our explanation of financial ratios and financial statement analysis will use information from the following income statement: Example Corporation Income Statement For the year ended December 31‚ 2011 | | Sales (all on credit) | $500‚000 | Cost of Goods Sold | 380‚000
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The financial ratios are: Liquidity Ratio- The firms ability to satisfy the short term obligations. (Gitman‚ 2007) Activity ratio- That measure the speed with which various accounts are converted into sales or cash‚ inflows or outflows. (Gitman‚ 2007) Debt ratio- That measures the proportion of total assets financed by the firms creditors. (Gitman‚ 2007) Profitability ratio- measures enable the analyst to evaluate the firms profits with respect to a given level of sales a certain level of assets
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adequacy of income by comparing it to other items reported on the financial statements. 1) Return on Equity: One of the most important profitability ratios is return on equity (ROE). ROE is the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity. Return on equity measures a corporation’s profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested. The return on equity ratio is computed as follows: Return on Equity = | Net Income |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 MANAGERIAL FINANCE: 3 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ANALYSIS: 3 RATIO ANALYSIS: 3 FAUJI CEMENT BALANCE SHEET AND PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT 4 RATIO ANALYSIS: 9 INTRODUCTION MANAGERIAL FINANCE: • Managerial finance is concerned with the duties of the financial manager in the business firm. • The financial manager actively manages the financial affairs of any type of business‚ whether private or public‚ large or small‚ profit-seeking or not-for-profit
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FINANCIAL RATIOS LIQUIDITY RATIOS Current Ratio: = current assets / current liabilities ▪ The higher the ratio‚ the greater the "cushion" between current obligations and a firm ’s ability to meet them. ▪ Use: An indication of a company ’s ability to meet short-term debt obligations; the higher the ratio‚ the more liquid the company is. Current ratio is equal to current assets divided by current liabilities. If the current assets of a company are more than twice the current liabilities
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FINANCIAL RATIOS Financial ratios are indicators of a company’s performance as discernable from the company’s Balance Sheet and income Statement. We will discuss some of the simple ratios of a company and talk about their significance. Liquidity Ratios: Show the company’s ability to pay of its current liabilities from its current assets. 1. Current Ratio Current assets should be significantly higher than current liabilities so that the current ratio is higher than 2:1. 2. Quick Ratio
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Accrual-based approach – revenues are recorded at the point of sale and costs when they are incurred‚ not necessarily when a firm receives or pays out cash Cash flow approach – used by financial professionals to focus attention on current and prospective inflows and outflows of cash 1. Balance sheet a. Assets Cash and Cash Equivalents Marketable securities Accounts receivable Inventories Net property‚ plant and equipment Intangible assets b. Liabilities Accounts
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1. Current Ratio- the current ratio is current assets divided by current liabilities. In the data from 2002 in Appendix D the current assets equal $104‚296.00 and the current liabilities equal $139‚017.00 the current ratio equals 0.75. 2. Long –term solvency ratio- the formula used for long term solvency is total assets divided by total liabilities. In the data provided the total assets equal $391‚270.00 and the total liabilities equal $310‚246.00 making the long-term solvency ratio equal 1.26
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