its subsidiaries – Syngene and Clinigene‚ handles the entire lifecycle of a drug; right from discovery to commercialization (it has least expertise in commercialization). o Discovery Syngene Molecular Biology Synthetic Chemistry Biocon Microbial Fermentation Biodiversity Bioprocessing o Development Clinigene Clinical Research Clinical Development Clinical Trials o Commercialization Biocon Generics‚ main contributor to revenue: Bulk of their revenues came from generics. A generic drug typically cost
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DIFFUSION= The movement of atoms or molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Atoms and small molecules can move across a cell membrane by diffusion. OSMOSIS= Diffusion of fluid through a semipermeable membrane from a solution with a low solute concentration to a solution with a higher solute concentration until there is an equal concentration of fluid on both sides of the membrane. SELECTIVE PERMEABLE MEMBRANE=a membrane (as a cell membrane) that allows
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the process of photosynthesis. The photosynthesis itself performs due to the energy of the sun. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio_ethanol) In the production of bio ethanol fuel‚ the process of anaerobic respiration is included in the process of fermentation. In this process‚ the glucose (C6H12O6) from the feedstock is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid through glycolysis. With the presence of yeast molecules from the yeast (Saccharomyces serevisicie)‚ the pyruvic acid is broken down into
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Microorganisms are able to carry out different biochemical activities with the ease of different enzymes. Each of these enzymes carries out one specific type of the chemical transformation. They convert substrates into product. A) Carbohydrates Fermentation Microorganisms utilize various carbohydrates as their source of energy. Different species of microorganisms breaking down different types of carbohydrates and produce various forms of products. This experiment is to test whether the microbes are
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are abundant in the Phillipines and have been known for their high nutritional value and herbal properties. The peeling of the fruit Psidium guajava is known to contain a significant amount of glucose‚ a simple sugar which is essential in the fermentation process in ethanol making. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of apple guava peelings as a potential source of ethanol. The peelings underwent many processes to obtain absolute apple guava ethanol(100%)‚ which was tested using
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FADH2 is ________ ATP. A. three‚ two B. three‚ four C. four‚ three D. two‚ three 6. Fermentation takes place in the ________ of oxygen‚ a process also known as ________ respiration. A. presence‚ aerobic B. presence‚ anaerobic C. absence‚ aerobic D. absence‚ anaerobic 7. Pyruvate is the starting compound for ________. A. Alcohol fermentation B. Glycolysis C.
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Technology‚ Sector-39-A‚ Chandigarh-160036‚ India Abstract: Pseudomonas cepacia MTCC 7099 was studied for the biosurfactant production using de-oiled rice-bran‚ which is a waste product of rice-bran oil industry. When Pseudomonas cepacia was grown in fermentation media containing de-oiled rice-bran‚ the reduction in surface tension observed was 33.2 mN/m at temperature 30 °C‚ pH 6.7±0.2‚ and shaking speed150 rpm after 96 h of incubation. The cell free supernatant was extracted many times with various
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| Final electron acceptor/s | Oxygen and water | AcetaldehydePyruvic acid | Product /s | Water | Ethyl alcohol (ethanol)Lactic acid | Processes involved | Krebs cycleElectron Transport Chain | Fermentation (occur in cytosol) | Table 2. Comparison between alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation. Characteristics | Alcoholic | Lactic acid | Organisms involved | Yeasts | Bacteria‚ Humans (muscles) | Mechanism | Pyruvate (from glycolysis) is broken into ethanol and carbon dioxide | Pyruvate
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Microbiology UNKNOWN LAB REPORT Kateryna Petrakova INTRODUCTION Microorganisms cause a great amount of diseases. For healthcare providers it is very important to be aware of what organisms are pathogenic and cause a disease and‚ therefore‚ to find an appropriate treatment. Different microorganisms require various environments in order to replicate and to become dangerous for a person’s health. An integral part of any medical treatment is to be able to recognize and
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Chapter 1 Background of the Study 1.1Background Wine represents passion; it creates a link between the earth and our senses‚ its origin and its destination. Wine draws people together from all over the world‚ brings joy and enhances friendship Regarded as one of the most magnificent drinks‚ wine has been an all-time favourite with people all over the world. Available in an excess of varieties and flavours‚ the wine is a drink that goes well with almost any cuisine. Over the years wine
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