Work Plan for Isolation‚ Purification‚ Identification and Starter Culture Activity of Lactoccocus lactis Submitted by: M.Usman Akram B.S. (Hons.) Dairy Technology mh.usman@hotmail.com Mobile : +923217773736 University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences‚ Ravi Campus Pattoki Lactoccocus lactis Classification: Scientific classification | Kingdom: | Bacteria | Division: | Firmicutes | Class: | Bacilli | Order: | Lactobacillales | Family: | Streptococcaceae | Genus:
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Bread Troubleshooting Guide Holes in Bread Possible Causes Old Dough Follow proper fermentation time. Improper Mixing Overmixing weakens the dough and undermixing underdevelops the dough; each causes poor gas retention. Mix to proper dough development. Lack of Moisture in Proofer Dough forms a crust‚ trapping gas. Adjust proofer to proper humidity. Improper Moulding Set moulder properly to expel most of the gas. Moulder Rollers in Poor Condition Trapped gas in dough causes holes. Check and
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Chapter 5 The Working Cell Energy • Capacity to do work • Types of energy – – – – Kinetic energy – energy of motion Potential energy – stored energy Thermal energy - heat Chemical energy - potential energy of molecules • Thermodynamics – Study of energy Oxidation-Reduction Reactions • When an atom or molecule loses an electron‚ it is said to be oxidized – process called oxidation • When an atom or molecule gains an electron‚ it is said to be reduced – process called reduction
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To: From: Re: Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur: Greatest Achievements Louis Pasteur was one of the most important scientists of our time. The foundation of our knowledge about health and disease comes from the discoveries of this one man. He made many discoveries and solutions for problems of the every day life that are still in effect today. Pasteur was born on December 27‚ 1822 in a little town called Dôle in the foothills of the Jura Mountains of eastern France. When he was five years old his family
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Chapter 4 - Methane production 4.1 Microbial consortia and biological aspects of methane fermentation 4.2 Molecular biology of methanogens 4.3 Developments in bioreactor technology References Methane fermentation is a versatile biotechnology capable of converting almost all types of polymeric materials to methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions. This is achieved as a result of the consecutive biochemical breakdown of polymers to methane and carbon dioxide in an environment
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Biology Revision summer 2012 1-Characteristics of living organisms Nutrition- taking in of nutrients which are organic substances and mineral ions ‚ containing raw materials or energy for growth and tissue repair ‚ absorbing and assimilating them . Excretion- the removal from organisms of toxic material‚ the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirement . Respiration- the chemical reactions that break down the Sensitivity- The ability to detect or sense changes in the
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Basic Modes of Operation 2.1. Batch culture Batch fermentation refers to a partially closed system in which most of the materials required are loaded onto the fermentor‚ decontaminated before the process starts and then‚ removed at the end. The only material added and removed during the course of a batch fermentation is the gas exchange and pH control solutions. In this mode of operation‚ conditions are continuously changing with time‚ and the fermentor is an unsteady-state system‚ although in
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Please answer the following questions. Your answer for each question should be a minimum of 150 words (half page). Please number your answers with the number of the question you are answering. 1. Koch was the first scientist to prove that bacteria actually cause disease. He scientifically demonstrated that a disease is caused by a particular organism. He created four general guidelines to aid in identification of disease causing pathogens. These guidelines developed from his work with purified
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Quiz 1 Origins of Agriculture 1/7 (read 180-181‚ a closer look 11.1 & centers of plant domestication) Human History * humans have existed as species ~ 195‚000 years/ farming has been practiced ~ 11‚500 years. * Knowledge of foraging societies: * archaeological evidence: middens (trash pile – bones‚ corn cobs‚ etc.) & coprolites (fossilized fecal material‚ to get an idea of what people ate) * modern evidence: !Kung‚ Ainu * Why did we start farming? * easier‚ it
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INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L) is an evergreen tree that grows up to 10 feet under favorable conditions. They are an important food wherever grown. Archeological findings have revealed that jackfruit were cultivated in India 3000 to 6000 years ago. Jackfruit is widely grown in Bangladesh‚ Burma‚ Sri Lanka‚ Malaysia‚ and Indonesia‚ Philippines‚ Brazil and other tropical countries. It bears fruits that are green or yellow in the exterior when ripe. The
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