Return on Investment (ROI) and Total Cost of Ownership: A Comparison Introduction When a business decision is made to make an investment‚ the need for metrics arises to decide the profitability of the investment. These metrics can be measured before an investment is made to gain an insight into expected returns or they can be measured at regular intervals‚ (quarterly or yearly) to analyse the profitability of the investment. There are quite a few metrics that are used to calculate profitability
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of the question 10 marks (paper 2) 20 minutes on it Explain the law of diminishing returns using average and marginal product curves Definition Law of diminishing returns refer to how the marginal production of a factor of production starts to progressively decrease as the factor is increased‚ in contrast to the increase that would otherwise be normally expected. Triple A Law of diminishing returns – as more and more of a variable factor is added to a fixed factor‚ output will rise initially
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Law of Diminishing Returns The Law of Diminishing Returns says that when some inputs are fixed in capacity in the short run‚ increasing the variable input working with the fixed inputs would first lead to increasing additional output per additional unit of variable input‚ but eventually decreasing additional output per additional unit of variable input after the optimal capacity of the fixed input has been exceeded. Let’s look at a simple short-run production process where there is a fixed input
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Health services managers are essentially interested in how costs are affected by changes in volume. Cost behavior refers to a cost ’s reactions to activity level. A cost may rise‚ fall‚ or remain constant as activity levels fluctuate. We can classify several types of costs on the basis of their relationship to the amount of services provided‚ often referred to as activity‚ utilization‚ or volume (Gapenski‚ 2012). When dealing with the future there is a level of uncertainty of volume with regard
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Total Cost of Ownership: This is defined as the an approach for measuring financial returns which involves consideration of all the additional costs required to support and maintain the item purchased for its full useful life and adding such costs to the purchase price (Reh‚ n.d). Calculating TCO No general formula for calculating TCO exist the general principle is Purchase Costs + All other additional costs. In IT investments some additional costs might be cost of maintenance‚ support costs
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INTERNATIONAL B-SCHOOL SUBJECT: FINANCIAL & COST ACCOUNTING Total Marks: 80 N.B.: 1)Allquestionsarecompulsory 2) All questions carry equal marks. Q1) ABC Ltd. Produces room coolers. The company is considering whether it should continue to manufacture air circulating fans itself or purchase them from outside. Its annual requirement is 25000 units. An outsider vendor is prepared to supply fans for Rs 285 each. In addition‚ ABC Ltd will have to incur costs of Rs 1.50 per unit for freight and Rs 10‚000
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depreciation expense or depreciation cost is fixed cost or variable cost in nature? Fixed costs: Fixed costs are such costs that do not change with the change in activity level within the relevant range. Where relevant range can be defined in terms of time or activity level. Variable costs: Variable costs are such costs that change with the change in activity level . Coming to the question‚ depreciation expense or depreciation cost can either be fixed or variable and this depends on the method adopted
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Prime cost. | B | Conversion cost. | C | Period cost. | D | Nonmanufacturing cost. | 2. | Prime cost and conversion cost share what common element of total cost? | A | Direct materials. | B | Direct labor. | C | Variable overhead. | D | Variable overhead. | 3. | On the Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured‚ the final Cost of Goods Manufactured figure represents: | A | the amount of cost charged to Work in Process during the period. | B | the amount of cost transferred
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Section B Attempt Any Six Questions (6*5= 30) 1. Company A’s costs are mostly variable‚ whereas Company B’s costs are mostly fixed. When sales increase‚ which company will tend to realize the greatest increase in profits? Explain. 2. Crystal Telecom has budgeted the sales of its innovative mobile phone over the next four months as follows: Sales in Units July. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30‚000 August . . . . . . . . . . . 45‚000 September . . . . . . . . 60‚000 October . . . .
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LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL UTILITY: The law of diminishing marginal utility describes a familiar and fundamental tendency of humanbehavior. The law of diminishing marginal utility states that: “As a consumer consumes more and more units of a specific commodity‚ the utility from the successiveunits goes on diminishing”. Mr. H. Gossen‚ a German economist‚ was first to explain this law in 1854. Alfred Marshal later onrestated this law in the following words: “The additional benefit which a person
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