In 2004‚ Sarah Thomas‚ an undergraduate student at Portland State University‚ completed an experiment to determine the effect of biofeedback training on muscle tension and skin temperature. The purpose of this experiment was to train the subject of the experiment to change their decrease muscle tension and increase skin temperatures in response to tones. The experiment was based on the research done by Miller and Bruckner in 1979. The experiment done by Miller and Brucker dealt with how rats can
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Describe and evaluate the learning theory for attachments. The learning theory suggests that we are born with a blank slate which means everyone starts off exactly the same‚ and then we learn all of our behaviours once we are born. The learning theory is split into two areas‚ Operant and Classical conditioning. Operant conditioning is one part of the learning theory to describe attachments. This states that attachments are formed through positive and negative reinforcements. An example of positive
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One strength of the Behaviourist Approach is that it is a scientific approach in that it has clear and measurable variables (stimulus‚ response and reinforcer) which allows scientific experiments to be conducted. For example‚ Skinner’s conducted an experiment to present operant conditioning where the independent variable was the reinforcer (food pellet) and the electric shock (punishment) and the dependent variable was the frequency of lever pressing. This is a strength as scientific experiments
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Garett moved quietly towards the bedside table‚ careful that his footfall didn’t wake the sleeping figure. When the candle was within his reach‚ he licked his fingers before pinching around the wick and effectively killing the flame. Too much light. Let’s make it a little more cozy in here. He thought to himself as he pocketed the gold-plated lighter on the table. He watched the man sleep for a bit‚ before moving further into the room‚ looking through drawers and cupboards‚ pocketing whatever he
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The Behaviourist Perspective 3: Operant Conditioning You need to be able to: Describe the process of operant conditioning Outline the theories of B.F.Skinner Assess the contribution of the behaviourists to Psychology Burrhus F. Skinner and Behaviourist Psychology B.F.Skinner was very much influenced by Watson’s behaviourist ideas. However‚ he also realised that the psychology proposed by Watson had some serious shortcomings. In particular‚ a psychology based wholly on classical conditioning assumes
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Ofsted have evidence about creative partnerships and the benefits of creativity for the well being of children and young people. They praised creative partnerships in 2006 for helping to improve pupil’s personal and social skills. It also gave the teachers‚ school leaders and creative practitioners more positive attitudes. The program changed pupil’s attitudes and behaviour‚ and the demonstration of creativity approaches to their work. Howard Gardner’s theory talked about multiple intelligences
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Behaviourist approach This approach refers to behaviour being mainly influenced by the environment also by reinforcing rewards for positive behaviour and punishments for negative behaviour. B.F. Skinner investigated Operant Conditioning of voluntary and involuntary behaviour. He explained that behaviour occurs for a reason‚ and the three main behaviour shaping techniques are positive reinforcement‚ negative reinforcement and punishment. Behaviourism has been criticised in the way it under-estimates
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Psychological Theories and Real Life Situations Psychological theories and perspectives have been around for many years. It is one thing for a person to come up with ideas and thoughts about how people function‚ but it becomes much more interesting when these ideas are related to real life situations. It is much easier to understand how these theories and models were developed when looking at them from a real life standpoint. The first example of a psychological theory in practice is when I
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Teaching and learning process in classroom basically applies one of the four learning theories‚ which are behaviourism‚ cognitivism‚ social constructivism and humanism. Based on the lesson that I have observed in the classroom‚ the teacher practiced the behavioursm learning theory. Behaviourism is actually the earliest learning theory that is being applied in the lesson. According to Tracey & Morrow (2012)‚ behaviourism is theoretical perspective on learning that focuses on observable changes
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Compare and contrast the approaches of Skinner and Harlow to investigating influences on behaviour. This essay will cover a wide range of material to identify‚ compare and contrast the work of Harry Harlow and Burrhus Frederick Skinner. Harlow and Skinner did research and investigated the influences on behaviour; this essay will draw upon both investigations. Further into the essay it will identify some similarities and differences into both researches with a supported argument about the importance
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