The Planned Economy Key Characteristics What to Produce: Central Planning Committee (CPC) determines national priorities and implements 1 and 5 year plans How to Produce: CPC allocates resources to production managers so as to meet targets. Production carried out to meet the national interest‚ not profit. For Whom to Produce: Influenced by income levels but the CPC often determines those income levels as it also offered incentives for workers to do the more demanding jobs. Most often a sense of moral
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almost six years‚ the world economy has entered a period of uncertainty due to a financial turmoil triggered by the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States of America (USA). During 2002 to 2007‚ the world economic growth averaged 4.5 percent per annum compared to 3 percent in the 1990s. The sudden gloom in world economic prospects has come as a surprise in view of the persistent economic growth and stability. The crisis initially affected advanced economies and then its contagion spread
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INDIAN ECONOMY 01. Indian economy is world’s 9th largest economy on exchange rate basis and 4th largest economy on PPP basis in 2010 02. PPP is called as the purchasing power party 03. Purchasing power party is a theory and according to the theory – the exchange rates between currencies are balanced when their purchasing power is the same in each of the two countries 04. The main characteristics of Indian economy are – agrarian economy‚ mixed economy and developing economy 05. Agrarian economy
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been analysed by economic or political aspects. However “the polity is much more influenced by economic developments than many political scientists have admitted‚ and the economy is much more dependent upon social and political developments than economists in general have appreciated” (Gilpin‚ 2010 : 25). Therefore‚ Political economy combines political and economic theory to evaluate states and societies. In addition regional studies give a chance to concentrate on one item deeply in a huge international
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The Economy of California Term Paper ID:27801 | | | Essay Subject: The nation began recovering from the recession‚ but California’s economy seemed to respond less quickly. There are two likely reasons for this: California’s economy is the largest in the nation; & the decline in aerospace spending.... More... | | Paper Abstract: The nation began recovering from the recession‚ but California’s economy seemed to respond less quickly. There are two likely reasons for this: California’s
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Types of Economies What is an economy? An economy consists of the economic systems of a country or other area; the labor‚ capital‚ and land resources; and the manufacturing‚ production‚ trade‚ distribution‚ and consumption of goods and services of that area. A market based economy may be described as a spatially limited social network where goods and services are freely produced and exchanged according to demand and supply between participants (economic agents) by barter or a medium of exchange
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ECONOMIES OF SCALE Economies of scale are basically the increase in efficiency of production as the number of goods being produced in a firm increases. Typically‚ a firm that achieves economies of scale lowers the average cost per unit through increased production since fixed costs are shared over an increased number of goods. Fixed costs are those costs of production that do not change when output changes. There are two types of Economies of Scale: Internal economies External economies Internal
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| | Philippines - The Economy THE PHILIPPINE ECONOMY EXPERIENCED considerable difficulty in the 1980s. Real gross national product (GNP) grew at an annual average of only 1.8 percent‚ less than the 2.5 percent rate of population increase. The US$668 GNP per capita income in 1990 was below the 1978 level‚ and approximately 50 percent of the population lived below the poverty line. The 1988 unemployment rate of 8.3 percent (12.3 percent in urban areas) peaked at 11.4 percent in early 1989‚ and the
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French Economy General Overview: The French economy is the fifth largest in the world and accounts for about a fifth of euro area GDP. France weathered the global crisis better than most advanced economies. This is explained by the economy being less open than e.g. Germany‚ a fairly solid financial sector‚ a large public sector and substantial fiscal stimulus. Exports amount to about 20% of GDP – about half of the euro area average – while government expenditures amount to about 55% of GDP. The
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Green Chemistry Institute Atom Economy Page 1 American Chemical Society --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CLEANING UP WITH ATOM ECONOMY By Kathryn E. Parent‚ k_parent@acs.org Introduction Cleaning up the environment and‚ more importantly‚ preventing pollution are important issues in today’s world. The theme for the 2002 National Chemistry Week is “Chemistry Keeps Us Clean.” While the chemical industry is traditionally
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