Reactions of Three Isomers of Butanol Purpose: To test the reactions of primary‚ secondary‚ and tertiary alcohols with acid and with an oxidizing agent. Equipment and Materials: Chemical safety goggles Lab apron Protective gloves 3 test tubes Test-tube rack Eyedropper Dropper bottles containing the following Butan-1-ol Butan-2-ol 2-methylpropan-2-ol Potassium permanganate solution‚ KMnO4(aq) (0.01 mol/L) Concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ HCl(aq) (12 mol/L) *Alcohols are flammable and
Premium Potassium permanganate Alcohol Hydrochloric acid
Lab: Comparison of Three Isomers of Butanol Pre-lab: 1. Write the general reaction of an alcohol and HCl. 2. What would the solubility be of an alcohol in water. 3. What would the solubility be of an alkyl halide in water? 4. What is the purpose of KMnO4 in the reactions? Safety: Concentrated hydrochloric acid is corrosive and the vapour is very irritating to the respiratory system. Avoid contact with skin‚ eyes‚ clothing‚ and the lab bench. Wear eye protection and a lab apron.
Premium Ethanol Oxygen Chemistry
Luke Fancy Pro/Con Paper: Pros of Ethanol Due: 12/07/11 Ethanol was first used in 1908 on Henry Ford’s Model T. The Model T was designed so that it could be run on either gasoline or pure alcohol. When asked why he wanted to run the Model T on alcohol‚ Henry Ford replied by saying‚ “It is the fuel of the future.” The use of ethanol continued through the 1920’s and 1930’s in an effort to keep a United States ethanol program alive. Although the effort was unsuccessful‚ oil supply problems
Premium Ethanol fuel Gasoline
Comparison of Three Isomers of Butanol Introduction An alcohol’s reactivity is determined based on the attachment of their hydroxyl functional group. The location of this hydroxyl functional group will impact the molecular structure of the alcohol‚ making it either primary (1° )‚ secondary (2° )‚ or tertiary (3° ). The purpose of this experiment is to observe and predict the reactions that take place between all three alcohols and an oxidizing agent‚ as well as to test our theories of how the
Premium Alcohol
Ethanol Ethanol is easily soluble in water in all proportions with a slight overall decrease in volume when the two are mixed. Absolute ethanol and 95% ethanol are themselves good solvents‚ somewhat less polar than water and used in perfumes‚ paints and tinctures. Other proportions of ethanol with water or other solvents can also be used as a solvent. Alcoholic drinks have a large variety of tastes because various flavor compounds are dissolved during brewing. When ethanol is produced as a mixing
Premium Ethanol
Preparation of Fruit Flavors (Pear) Abstract. In this experiment an assigned Ester is prepared‚ particularly n-Propanol. The Preparation was done via Fischer reaction. In this reaction‚ a reflux set-up is required. The reflux set-up was used in the liquid-liquid extraction. After adding an immiscible solution to the compound containing n-Propanol‚ the mixture now will have two layer: the Organic and Aqueous layer. The organic layer is the extract needed and its % yield is computed resulting to
Premium Acetic acid Ester Carboxylic acid
USA over a Barrel The cost of a barrel of oil this summer reached a record high of nearly $100. How has this happened and how much higher could oil go? The United States dependence on foreign oil is at an all time high. Nations supplying this oil are pumping at a record pace and maximum capacity. If any of these nations fail to supply the U.S. because of a terror attack or bad relations‚ the economy would be negatively impacted. How can the U.S. reduce dependence on imported fuels and diversify
Premium Renewable energy Wind power Fossil fuel
of Three Isomers of Butanol Introduction: An alcohol’s reactivity is determined based on the attachment of their hydroxyl functional group. The location of this hydroxyl functional group will impact the molecular structure of the alcohol‚ making it either primary (1° )‚ secondary (2° )‚ or tertiary (3° ). If the OH is bonded to only one other carbon‚ it is a primary alcohol (eg. 1-butanol); if bonded to two other carbons‚ it is a secondary alcohol (eg. 2-butanol); if bonded to three
Premium Alcohol Carbon
experiments will be conducted to evaluate ethanol as a fuel‚ the experiments are Fermentation and Calorimetry. Fermentation will find the best combination of sugar and yeast for optimum ethanol production and the Calorimetry experiments test ethanol against other alcohols and fuels to see how it matches up in terms of energy production. Fermentation shows glucose and baker’s yeast as the fastest producers of ethanol and the calorimetry proves that ethanol and other alcohols produce more heat energy
Premium Yeast Ethanol Carbon dioxide
Introduction The production of acetone and butanol by means of solvent-producing strains of Clostridium spp. was one of the first large-scale industrial fermentation processes to be developed‚and during the first part of this century it ranked second in importance only to ethanol fermentation. The reason for the almost total demise of this fermentation in the early 1960s was the inability of the fermentation process to compete economically with the chemical synthesis of solvents. However‚ interest
Premium Maize Acetone Starch