water‚ while sodium is [1]. Hence‚ the potassium and ammonium salts are precipitated as a yellow solid. AIM To prepare sodium hexanitrocobaltate (III) from pure potassium-free sodium nitrite‚ cobalt nitrate hexahydrate‚ 50% acetic acid and 95% ethanol. THEORY In this practical‚ the nitrite ions acts as an oxidant and a ligand [2]. Co2+ (aq) is more stable than Co3+ (aq)‚ however when cobalt attaches to nitrogen containing ligands‚ Co3+ becomes the more stable ion [2]. Initially‚ the hexanitrocbaltate
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TubeWooden Stir StickFresh‚ Soft Fruit (e.g.‚ Grapes‚ Strawberries‚ Banana‚ etc.) ScissorsDNA Extraction SolutionIce Cold EthanolYou Must ProvideContains sodium chloride‚ detergent and waterFor ice cold ethanol‚ store in the freezer 60 minutes before use. Procedure If you have not done so‚ prepare the ethanol by placing it in a freezer for approximately 60 minutes. Put pieces of a soft fruit into a plastic zipper bag and mash with your fist. The amount of food should be equal to the size of approximately
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and the battery life for a charge is only 37 miles. There would be no value for us to use electric cars. (Courture‚2011). Ethanol is a grain- based alcohol that has been used to supplement petroleum since the 1970’s. A disadvantage is it costs about three times more to produce then gasoline. It also will take about 1.5 times the amount of ethanol as it would with gas to operate a vehicle. Additionally‚ current fertilizer is petroleum-based‚ thus undercutting the true value of using
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solvent for extraction of antioxidants from mahua as the related extract contained the highest amount of phenolic compounds and also exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity in all the assays used‚ while ethanol was the inefficient solvent for the extraction of phenolic compounds‚ Whereas ethanol and distilled water have been the lowest antioxidant activity. It can be concluded that‚ fruit and mahua of
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COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES 1. Calculate the vapor pressure when 10.o mL glycerol (C3H8O3) is added to 500.0 mL water at 500C. At this temperature the vapor pressure of pure water is 92.5 torr and its density is 0.988 g/mL. Density of glycerol is 1.26 g/mL. 2. Calculate the boiling point and freezing point of the solution if 1.00 kg of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) is added to a car radiator which contains 4450 g water. a. Kb of water = 0.512 oC/m at normal boiling point of 100oC b. Kf of water
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Extracts A.E. Hegazy and M.I. Ibrahium Department of Food Science and Technology‚ Faculty of Agriculture‚ AL-Azhar University‚ Cairo‚ Egypt Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different organic solvents such as‚ methanol‚ ethanol‚ dichloromethane‚ acetone‚ hexane and ethyl acetate for extraction of ( flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds(TFC and TPC respectively) from the orange peel. Also‚ the effect of these solvents on the yield percentage‚ chelating activity‚ antioxidant/radical
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water bath on which it is evaporated to approximately 5 ml. The 5 ml mixture was cooled to 40oC and 10 ml acidified 95% ethanol was included with vigorous stirring. The resulting mixture was placed in an ice bath for at least thirty minutes. This was again centrifuged for 5 minutes at 6000 rpm and the supernatant was discarded. The formed residue was washed with 1ml of 95% ethanol and twice with a small amount of water. The washed crude RNA was transferred in an evaporating dish and was quantitatively
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tetraphenylcyclopentadienone Overall Synthesis: CHEMICALS: wk 1: thiamine hydrochloride (1 g/student)‚ 95% ethanol (8 mls/ student)‚ 2M NaOH (5 mls/student)‚ benzaldehyde (4 mls/student) wk 2: 95% ethanol (30 mls/student) wk 3: acetic acid (6 mls/student)‚ ammonium nitrate (1 g/student)‚ 0.1g/ml cupric acetate (1.5 mls/student)‚ dichloromethane (6 mls/ student)‚ 30% acetone in heptanes (3 mls/student)‚ 95% ethanol (20 mls/student) wk 4: 1‚3 diphenylacetone (0.5 g/student)‚ triethylene glycol (5 mls/student)
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similar formula and chemical properties‚ and increase in molecular size and mass. When the equations for combustion of these alcohols are listed in the order of increasing number of carbon atoms‚ Methanol 1 CH3OH(l) + 3/2 O2(g) ⋄ 1 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) Ethanol 1 C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g) ⋄ 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l) Propanol 1 C3H7OH(l) + 9/2 O2(g) ⋄ 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l) Butanol 1 C4H9OH(l) + 6 O2(g) ⋄ 4 CO2(g) + 5 H2O(l) Pentanol 1 C5H11OH(l) + 15/2 O2(g) ⋄ 5 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l) The number of CO2 molecule increases
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Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS‚ 99%)‚ chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES‚ 99%)‚ absolute ethanol (EtOH‚ 99%) and other chemicals were purchased from Merck and Sigma Aldrich companies and used without further purification. Ciprofloxacin was purchased from Pars Daru Company. Preparation of modified magnetic silica NPs (Fe3O4@SiO2~Cl) Initially‚ the magnetic NPs prepared through a coprecipitation method and coated with a silica layer via a modified sol-gel method [20]. In brief‚ FeCl3.6H2O (0.036 mol) and
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