USA over a Barrel The cost of a barrel of oil this summer reached a record high of nearly $100. How has this happened and how much higher could oil go? The United States dependence on foreign oil is at an all time high. Nations supplying this oil are pumping at a record pace and maximum capacity. If any of these nations fail to supply the U.S. because of a terror attack or bad relations‚ the economy would be negatively impacted. How can the U.S. reduce dependence on imported fuels and diversify
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4.1 Aim The aim of this lab session is to demonstrate the effect of different conditions on membrane permeability. 4.2 Learning Objectives In this Lab Session‚ students will acquire the skills to: - analyze the effect of different temperatures on membrane integrity. - analyze the effect of the organic solvent acetone on membrane integrity. 4.3 Introduction Even though membranes separate cells from their surrounding environment and different organelles within the cells from the
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Title L6 – Soil Permeability – Constant Head Test Introduction Permeability is measured in term of water flow through the soil in a given time. The soil permeability is a very important factor to study the behavior of soil in its natural condition with respect to water flow. The size of pore space and interconnectivity of the spaces help determine permeability‚ so shape and arrangement of grains play a role. Often the term hydraulic conductivity is used when discussing groundwater properties
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leaky blood vessel network irrigates solid tumors. In this context‚ vascular permeability drives tumor-induced angiogenesis‚ blood flow disturbances‚ inflammatory cell infiltration‚ and tumor cell extravasation. This can directly restrain the efficacy of conventional therapies by limiting intravenous drug delivery. Indeed‚ for more effective anti-angiogenic therapies‚
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investigated the effect of different temperatures on beetroot cell membranes (a type of plant cell). Through this experiment‚ the process of diffusion and osmosis was in action. Various temperatures ranging from low temperatures to high temperatures such as -5⁰C‚ 5⁰C‚ 30⁰C‚ 50⁰C and 80⁰C were used to investigate the temperature effects on beetroot cell membranes. The hypothesis predicted that the higher the temperature the darker the beetroot substance and the lower the temperature the least colour
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Ethanol What is Ethanol? Ethanol‚ which is sometimes called ethyl alcohol‚ pure alcohol‚ or grain alcohol is defined as‚ “a high octane‚ clean burning‚ American- made renewable fuels.” Ethanol is an increasing important aspect of our society and its popularity is becoming more widespread on a daily basis. Ethanol‚ a substance made out of Sugar-cane‚ maize‚ sorghum‚ wheat ‚ and other grains‚ has become one of the main viable source of energy in the world. In countries like South
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When a beetroot cell is exposed to various kinds of temperatures‚ its plasma membrane is affected and may change in structure resulting in the leaking of betacyanin. If the temperature changes‚ then I would expect to observe that there would be a change in the concentration of betacyanin that has leaked from a beetroot cell. In specific‚ at high temperatures‚ the phospholipids that make up the plasma membrane of the beet root cell become progressively more destabilized causing them to transform into
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Experiment 5 Title: Membrane Permeability Objectives: 1. Define solvent‚ solute‚ solution‚ selectively permeable‚ diffusion‚ osmosis‚ concentration gradient‚ equilibrium‚ turgid‚ plasmolyzed‚ plasmolysis‚ turgor pressure‚ tonicity‚ hypertonic‚ isotonic‚ hypotonic; 2. Describe the effects of hypertonic‚ isotonic‚ and hypotonic solutions on Elodea leaf cells and onion scale leafs. Introduction: Membrane permeability is a quality of a cell’s plasma membrane that allows substances to pass in
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three times as much carbohydrate for fuel ethanol production (Comis‚ 2008). Ethanol production from fresh cassava roots using a low-temperature process was evaluated on a pilot-plant scale. The application of low-temperature cooking to cassava starch followed by a dual enzyme action resulted in an ethanol yield comparable to that of a traditional high-temperature cooking process. Pressurized distillation gave a satisfactory recovery efficiency of ethanol but was slightly lower than that obtained
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Control process Beetroot samples: The same size beetroots will be used throughout the experiment this is to ensure that the impact of the temperature on every sample will stay the same‚ i.e. if having a bigger beetroot sample less pigments will be released into the test tube at lower temperature‚ or having a smaller beetroot sample more pigment will be released into the test tube. This error will change the results of the experiment at large. Therefore it is important to insure the sample sizes
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