been enforced in recent years (Wyman‚ 1994). In this regard‚ India reforms are taken by blending 10 to 15% ethanol in its gasoline usages. Converting a renewable non-fossil carbon‚ such as organic wastes and biomass consisting of all growing organic matter (plants‚ grasses‚ fruit wastes and algae) to fuel would assure a continual energy supply (Wyman‚ 1996). The economics of ethanol production by fermentation *Corresponding author. E-mail: lvereddy@yahoo.com; yjwee@ynu.ac.kr. Tel: +91 92909
Premium Yeast Ethanol fuel Ethanol
Bio-ethanol is manufactured from fermenting starch‚ wheat and sugar cane. Ethanol is also made from the hydration of ethylene from petroleum‚ though the majority of ethanol is produced by fermentation. It is considered an alternative fuel source as it is regarded to be renewable and more beneficial to the environment. As a car fuel ethanol is blended with petrol in different concentrations. In cars‚ carbon monoxide is produced from the incomplete combustion of petroleum. By adding ethanol which
Free Gasoline Carbon dioxide Internal combustion engine
the bottom of the sea‚ from enzymes to fungi and other microorganisms. So‚ the researcher came up of using the malunggay leaves extract as source of ethanol since based on the study done by Senator Loren Legarda‚ the extracts obtained from the leaves of malunggay plant is 80% ethanol‚ which is used for fuels. This study knew the possibility of ethanol from malunggay leaves extract. First‚ the researcher gathered the needed the raw material‚ the malunggay leaves. It weighted .75 kilogram. Then‚ through
Premium Philippines Ethanol Yeast
Preparing Esters by esterification method using carboxylic acid to an alcohol‚ which is 1.0 ml of ethanoic acid to the ethanol‚ and ethanoic acid to the propan-1-ol‚ also adding H2SO4 as a catalyst for the reaction Abstract: Esters are a group of organic compound‚ famous for their interesting odours and smells. In this investigation student used ethanoic acid and ethanol with sulfuric acid as catalyst to produce ester‚ which was known of its smell. However it was expected to have a pleasant smell
Premium Acetic acid Ester
This experiment aims to discover the effect of 6 different treatments on the permeability of the cell membrane. These will be distilled water‚ sucrose‚ sodium hydroxide‚ hydrochloric acid‚ ethanol and boiled water. The treatments include immersion in these solutions‚ and exposure to high temperature. The tissue used is from the taproot of a beetroot‚ and the effect on the membrane’s permeability assessed by the amount of pigment leakage that occurs. Hypothesis ==========
Premium Water Cell membrane Sodium hydroxide
BRIEF INTRODUCTION: Beetroot cells contain a red pigment stored in the cell vacuole in the membrane to prevent leaking out from the cell. In this experiment we used several solvents to calculate which one made the cell release more pigment. RESULTS: A table showing the results of the intensity of the color and the absorbance of the liquids with the different solvents. Solvent Results from colorimeter 0.001 Acid (Hydrochloric) 0.358 Ethanol 0.132 Hot water 0.984 Cold water-distilled
Premium Cell membrane Ethanol Acetic acid
environment. This usually means the cell that made the vacuole is dead. Variables. Age of beetroot. The age of the beetroot needs to be controlled as to prevent inaccuracies. The older the beetroot the more betacyanin and anthocyanins molecules present. This will therefore make the experiment unfair‚ because the more pigment molecules present the more pigment molecules that can move out of the cell. Therefore the beetroot used should be freshly cut. pH The pH is also an important factor‚ as pH can have
Premium Chemistry Cell Measurement
Write your name here Surname Other names Centre Number Candidate Number Edexcel GCE Biology Advanced Subsidiary Unit 1: Lifestyle‚ Transport‚ Genes and Health Thursday 8 January 2009 – Morning Time: 1 hour 15 minutes You do not need any other materials. Paper Reference 6BI01/01 Total Marks Instructions se b ink or • Uill inlack boxesball-point pen. page with your name‚ a the top of this • F the andt candidate number. centre number uestions. • Answer all qquestions
Premium Amino acid
BIOLOGY MODEL Answers TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF CHEMICALS AND TEMPERATURE ON MEMBRANE DESTRUCTION AND PERMEABILITY IN BEETROOT (Beta vulgaris) Introduction The cell membrane is made up primarily of phospholipids and proteins which contribute to its selectively permeable nature. The function and permeability of the cell membrane depends on its intact structure. When destroyed‚ the permeability of the cell membrane is disrupted causing cellular contents to leak out. The cell membrane can be destroyed
Premium Cell membrane Solvent Cell
The Effects of Various Chemicals and Temperature on Membrane Permeability of Beetroot Name: Ghazal Daneshfar E-mail: GDANES200@caledonian.ac.uk Student ID: S1312108 INTRODUCTION The cell membrane consists of mostly phospholipids and proteins which gives the cell its selectively permeable nature. The function and permeability of the cell membrane depends on its whole structure. When destroyed‚ the permeability of the cell membrane is disrupted causing cellular contents to leak out
Premium Cell membrane Cell Protein