The question of what is real and what makes us real has been a philosophical question with many different answers. Aristotle’s theory of Hylomorphism explains the reality of the universe‚ objects‚ and people in a materialistic way. Hylomorphism is the depiction that every physical thing is composed of two things: Matter and Form. Matter is the potency‚ or the potential of the physical object or being and the Form is its essence. Aristotle describes substance or Form as the truest and primary sense
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I. Meditation II 1. Beyond Doubt: The Cogito i. Cogito‚ ergo sum: "I think‚ therefore I am" ii. Can’t reasonably doubt whether I am thinking; when I doubt‚ I am thinking iii. "I exist" 1) I wonder whether I exist iv. What am I? 1) "Sum res cogitans"; I am thinking substance (stuff/thing) v. I can’t be wrong about what I am thinking 1) Thinking: perceiving‚ imagining‚ willing‚ abstract intellect (math) vi. "I see a table" 1) Sense perception (image in
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The Greatest Is Love (Light Voice) If I speak in the tongues of men and of angels‚ but have not loved‚ I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal. If I have the gift of prophecy and can fathom all mysteries and all knowledge‚ and if I have a faith that can move mountains‚ but have not loved‚ I am nothing. If I give all I possess to the poor and surrender my body to the flames‚ but have not loved‚ I gain nothing. Love is patient‚ love is kind. It does not envy‚ it does not boast‚ it is not
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One way of understanding knowledge is that it fulfils the three criteria of being‚ justified‚ true‚ and believed. As this essay will explore‚ Edmund L. Gettier attempted to dismantle this theory of knowledge by arguing that it is possible to have a justified true belief without having knowledge. Following an evaluation of this‚ the integrity of Gettier’s assumption made in his argument will be explored‚ concerning his belief as to what the word justified means in this context. Furthermore‚ Gettier’s
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From the reading‚ it is clear to see that there are both similarities and differences in the teaching in philosophy from Parmenides and the Upanishads. Although one is of Greek origin and the other Hindu‚ these different cultures created similar concepts of life and philosophy. This similarity of concepts can be seen across many other aspects of life and culture. With all things vaguely similar there will ultimately be some differences. Parmenides was a famous Greek philosopher that appears to
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According to the dictionary‚ mysticism is defined as follows: belief characterized by self-delusion or dreamy confusion of thought. What does James Williams say about mysticism? James focuses more on the individual aspect of mysticism. He believes that there are two characteristic outcomes of mysticism. One being optimism and the other being monism. I also think we need to ask the question‚ “What exactly is a mystical experience?” A mystical experience is something that a human being experiences
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In response to French’s criticism on how the Turing Test is lacking in terms of evaluating machine intelligence accurately‚ Dale Jacquette criticizes his argument. “It is an empirical matter whether all intelligence is‚ or is not‚ sufficiently like human intelligence to be indistinguishable in verbal behavioral expression from that of intelligent humans. It is an open question to be decided by science rather than by a priori philosophical analogies and thought experiments” (Jacquette 68). Jacquette
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Theaetetus is a dialogue written by Plato that concerns the nature of knowledge and what knowledge is. In this work‚ Socrates and Theaetetus discuss knowledge and its definition‚ which the character of Theaetetus tries to put into. He says that knowledge is perception‚ knowledge is true judgment‚ and‚ finally‚ knowledge is true judgment with an account. Socrates finds each of these undesirable and tells Theaetetus that he benefits from discovering what he doesn’t know and that he should approach
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I will attempt to explain an argument by René Descartes‚ offer what I consider to be the most significant objection to the argument‚ and contemplate how Descartes would reply to that objection. We often assume that philosophy should provide truths obvious to all‚ instead of insights that border upon absurdity to most. But in his college days‚ Descartes “discovered that nothing can be imagined which is too strange or incredible to have been said by some philosopher” (195). Descartes advances his argument
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In meditations by Rene Descartes‚ he said he has decided to doubt everything he previously believed to be true and instead rely on only his reasoning ability starting from the scratch and building his knowledge beginning with things of which he is completely certain. He rejects the knowledge from his sense deciding that such knowledge is unreliable and open to deception so is not trustworthy. He reasons that he himself must actually exist because he is able to doubt and to think. He knows that he
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